未定義方法'訪問'＃<Class：XYZ>（NoMethodError）[rspec]

Question

當我嘗試運行rspec測試時，我收到以下錯誤：

/srv/offerme/spec/requests/static_pages_spec.rb:13: undefined method `visit' for #<Class:0xb3436684> (NoMethodError)
from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:238:in `module_eval'
from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:238:in `subclass'
from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:224:in `describe'
from /srv/offerme/spec/requests/static_pages_spec.rb:12
from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:238:in `module_eval'
from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:238:in `subclass'
from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/example_group.rb:224:in `describe'
from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/dsl.rb:18:in `describe'
from /srv/offerme/spec/requests/static_pages_spec.rb:3
from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:780:in `load'
from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:780:in `load_spec_files'
from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:780:in `map'
from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:780:in `load_spec_files'
from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/command_line.rb:22:in `run'
from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:69:in `run'
from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:8:in `autorun'
from /usr/local/bin/rspec:19

我收到此錯誤的文件如下所示（spec / requests / static_pages_spec.rb）：

require 'spec_helper'

describe "StaticPages" do
include Capybara::DSL
  describe "GET /static_pages" do
    it "works! (now write some real specs)" do
      # Run the generator again with the --webrat flag if you want to use webrat methods/matchers
      get static_pages_index_path
      response.status.should be(200)
    end 
  end 
  describe "Home page" do
    visit 'static_pages/home'
    page.should have_content('OfferMe')
  end 

end

我的spec_helper.rb文件如下所示：

# This file is copied to spec/ when you run 'rails generate rspec:install'
ENV["RAILS_ENV"] ||= 'test'
require File.expand_path("../../config/environment", __FILE__)
require 'rspec/rails'
require 'rspec/autorun'
require 'capybara/rspec'

# Requires supporting ruby files with custom matchers and macros, etc,
# in spec/support/ and its subdirectories.
Dir[Rails.root.join("spec/support/**/*.rb")].each {|f| require f}

RSpec.configure do |config|
  # ## Mock Framework
  #
  # If you prefer to use mocha, flexmock or RR, uncomment the appropriate line:
  #
  # config.mock_with :mocha
  # config.mock_with :flexmock
  # config.mock_with :rr

  # Remove this line if you're not using ActiveRecord or ActiveRecord fixtures
  config.fixture_path = "#{::Rails.root}/spec/fixtures"

  # If you're not using ActiveRecord, or you'd prefer not to run each of your
  # examples within a transaction, remove the following line or assign false
  # instead of true.
  config.use_transactional_fixtures = true

  # If true, the base class of anonymous controllers will be inferred
  # automatically. This will be the default behavior in future versions of
  # rspec-rails.
  config.infer_base_class_for_anonymous_controllers = false

  # Run specs in random order to surface order dependencies. If you find an
  # order dependency and want to debug it, you can fix the order by providing
  # the seed, which is printed after each run.
  #     --seed 1234
  config.order = "random"
  config.include Capybara::DSL
end
module ::RSpec::Core
class ExampleGroup
include Capybara::DSL
include Capybara::RSpecMatchers
end
end

最后，我的Gemfile看起來像這樣：

source 'https://rubygems.org'

gem 'rails', '3.2.7'

# Bundle edge Rails instead:
# gem 'rails', :git => 'git://github.com/rails/rails.git'

group :development, :test do
  gem 'sqlite3'
  gem 'rspec-rails'
end

group :test do
  gem 'capybara'
end

gem 'json'

# Gems used only for assets and not required
# in production environments by default.
group :assets do
  gem 'sass-rails',   '~> 3.2.4'
  gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 3.2.2'

  # See https://github.com/sstephenson/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes
  # gem 'therubyracer', :platforms => :ruby

  gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.0.3'
  gem 'twitter-bootstrap-rails'
end

gem 'jquery-rails'

# To use ActiveModel has_secure_password
# gem 'bcrypt-ruby', '~> 3.0.0'

# To use Jbuilder templates for JSON
# gem 'jbuilder'

# Use unicorn as the app server
# gem 'unicorn'

# Deploy with Capistrano
# gem 'capistrano'

# To use debugger
# gem 'ruby-debug'

gem 'therubyracer', '0.10.1'
gem 'libv8'
gem 'webrat'

我已經看到了這個GitHub 問題 ，並嘗試了一些解決方法，並查看了與類似問題有關的其他一些StackOverflow問題（這就是為什么有些代碼看起來多余/ hacky）。 但是，他們都沒有工作。 請幫忙！

Answer 1

更新：

問題是，你調用visit的以外it塊，在這里：

describe "Home page" do
  visit 'static_pages/home'
  page.should have_content('OfferMe')
end

包裹在中間的那些行it塊：

describe "Home page" do
  it "has a homepage" do
    visit 'static_pages/home'
    page.should have_content('OfferMe')
  end
end

這應該工作。

原始答案：

我可能是錯的，但我相信你必須在你的Gemfile的測試和開發部分包括capybara。

嘗試將Gemfile的該部分更改為：

group :development, :test do
  gem 'sqlite3'
  gem 'rspec-rails'
  gem 'capybara'
end

Answer 2

這是一個老帖子。 我有同樣的問題。 我以為我分享了我的解決方案。 在我的Gemfile中，我有

group :test do
  gem 'capybara'
end

visit是在正確的位置，但我得到了相同的錯誤。 所以這就是我做的。 我在Gem上運行了更新，現在一切都很好。

bundle update capybara

希望這能有所幫助。