sql在每個月的最小日期查找行

Question

我有一張桌子，用結構說“記錄”：

id      date
--      ----
1       2012-08-30
2       2012-08-29
3       2012-07-25

我需要在PostgreSQL中編寫一個SQL查詢以獲取每個月的MIN日期的record_id。

month    record_id
-----    ---------
8           2
7           3

正如我們看到的2012-08-29 <2012-08-30，它是8個月，所以我們應該顯示record_id = 2

我嘗試過這樣的事情

SELECT
   EXTRACT(MONTH FROM date) as month,
   record_id,
   MIN(date) 
FROM Records
GROUP BY 1,2

但它顯示3條記錄。

有人可以幫忙嗎？

Answer 1

SELECT DISTINCT ON (EXTRACT(MONTH FROM date))
   id,
   date
FROM Records1
ORDER BY EXTRACT(MONTH FROM date),date

SQLFiddle http://sqlfiddle.com/#!12/76ca2/3

UPD：此查詢：

1）按月和日期排序記錄

2）每月選擇第一條記錄（由於訂購，第一條記錄具有MIN(date) ）

此處的詳細信息http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-select.html#SQL-DISTINCT

Answer 2

SQL小提琴

select distinct on (date_trunc('month', date))
    date_trunc('month', date) as month,
    id,
    date
from records
order by 1, 3 desc

Answer 3

如果您有重復的最小日期，則將返回倍數：

Select
  minbymonth.Month,
  r.record_id
From (
  Select
    Extract(Month From date) As Month, 
    Min(date) As Date
  From
    records
  Group By 
    Extract(Month From date)
  ) minbymonth
    Inner Join
  records r
    On minbymonth.date = r.date
Order By
  1;

或者如果您有CTE

With MinByMonth As (
  Select
    Extract(Month From date) As Month, 
    Min(date) As Date
  From
    records
  Group By 
    Extract(Month From date)
  )
Select
  m.Month,
  r.record_id
From
  MinByMonth m
    Inner Join
  Records r
    On m.date = r.date
Order By
  1;

http://sqlfiddle.com/#!1/2a054/3

Answer 4

select extract(month from date) 
, record_id
, date
from
(
    select
        record_id
       , date
       , rank() over (partition by extract(month from date) order by date asc) r
    from records
) x
where r=1
order by date

Answer 5

我認為您需要使用子查詢，如下所示：

SELECT
   EXTRACT(MONTH FROM r.date) as month,
   r.record_id 
FROM Records as r
INNER JOIN (
    SELECT
       EXTRACT(MONTH FROM date) as month,
       MIN(date) as mindate
    FROM Records
    GROUP BY EXTRACT(MONTH FROM date)
) as sub on EXTRACT(MONTH FROM r.date) = sub.month and r.date = sub.mindate