如何生成纹理映射图像？

Question

I want to put/wrap images to 3D objects. To keep things simple and fast, instead of using(and learning) a 3D library I want to use mapping images. Mapping images are used in such a way:

So you generate the mapping images once for each object and use the same mapping for all images you want to wrap.

My question is how can I generate such mapping images (given the 3D model)? Since I don't know about the terminology my searches failed me. Sorry if I am using the wrong jargon.

Below you can see a description of the workflow.

I have the 3D model of the object and the input image, i want to generate mapping images that I can use to generate the textured image.

I don't even know where to start, any pointers are appreciated.

More info

My initial idea was to somehow wrap a identity mappings (see below) using an external program. I have generated horizontal and vertical gradient images in Photoshop just to see if mapping works using photoshop generated images. The result doesn't look good. I wasn't hopeful but it was worth a shot.

input

mappings (x and y), they just resize the image, they don't do anything fancy.

result

as you can see there are lots of artifacts. Custom mapping images I have generated by warping the gradients even looks worse.

Here is some more information on mappings: http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/mapping/#distortion_maps

I am using OpenCV remap() function for mapping.

Answer 1

if i understand you right here, you want to do all of it in 2D ?

calling warpPerspective() for each of your cube surfaces will be much more successful, than using remap()

pseudocode outline:

// for each surface:
//  get the desired src and dst polygon
//  the src one is your texture-image, so that's:
     vector<Point> p_src(4), p_dst(4); 
     p_src[0] = Point(0,0); 
     p_src[1] = Point(0,src.rows-1); 
     p_src[2] = Point(src.cols-1,0);
     p_src[3] = Point(src.cols-1,src.rows-1);
// the dst poly is the one you want textured, a 3d->2d projection of the cube surface.
// sorry, you've got to do that on your own ;(
// let's say, you've come up with this for the cube - top:
     p_dst[0] = Point(15,15); 
     p_dst[1] = Point(44,19); 
     p_dst[2] = Point(56,30);
     p_dst[3] = Point(33,44);

// now you need the projection matrix to transform from one to another:
Mat proj = getPerspectiveTransform( p_src, p_dst );

// finally, you can warp your texture to the dst-polygon:
warpPerspective(src, dst, proj, dst.size());

if you can get hold of the 'Learning Opencv' book, it's described around p 170.

final word of warning, since youre complaining about artefacts, - yes, it'll all look pretty cheesy, 'real' 3d engines do a lot of work here, subpixel-uv mapping, filtering, mipmapping, etc. if you want it to look nice, consider using the 'real' thing.

btw, there's nice opengl support built into opencv

Answer 2

To achieve what you are trying to do, you need to render the 3D-models UV to a texture. It will be easier to learn to render 3D than to do things this way. Especially since there are a lot of weaknesses in your aproach. difficult to to lighting and problems til the depth-buffer will be abundant.

Assuming all your objects shul ever only be viewed from one angle, you need to render each of them to 3 textures:

UV-map
Normal-map
Depth-map (to correct the depth-buffer)

You will still have to do shading in order to draw these to look like your object, and I don't even know how to do the depth-buffer-thing, I just know it can be done.

So in order to avoid learning 3D, your will have to learn all the difficult parts of 3D-rendering. Does not seem the easier route...