[英]Plot date and time (x axis) versus a value (y axis) using data from file
I have data in a file (.dat) in the format of我在文件 (.dat) 中有数据,格式为
%dd %mm %yyyy %HH %MM %SS value %dd %mm %yyyy %HH %MM %SS 值
separated by spaces.用空格隔开。 I would like to plot the day, month, year and time on the x-axis, and the value on the y-axis.我想在 x 轴上绘制日、月、年和时间,在 y 轴上绘制值。 It should always be reading it from the file, as I have many files that are very large to analyze.它应该始终从文件中读取它,因为我有许多非常大的文件需要分析。
My latest attempt:我最近的尝试:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.dates as mdates
from time import gmtime, strftime
date, time, level = np.loadtxt('my_file.txt', unpack=True, usecols = (0,1,2,3), converters={ 0,1: mdates.strpdate2num('%dd/%mm/%YY %HH:%MM')}) #read format of file
# then to plot
plt.plot_date(x=date, y=level, fmt='%dd/%mm/%YY %HH:%MM') # fmt is changed from r-
plt.title('title')
plt.ylabel('Waterlevel (m)')
plt.grid(True)
plt.show()
If I have understood your problem correctly, I believe this is a possible solution:如果我正确理解了您的问题,我相信这是一个可能的解决方案:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.dates as mdates
from datetime import datetime
import numpy as np
# Converter function
datefunc = lambda x: mdates.date2num(datetime.strptime(x, '%d %m %Y %H %M %S'))
# Read data from 'file.dat'
dates, levels = np.genfromtxt('file.dat', # Data to be read
delimiter=19, # First column is 19 characters wide
converters={0: datefunc}, # Formatting of column 0
dtype=float, # All values are floats
unpack=True) # Unpack to several variables
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
# Configure x-ticks
ax.set_xticks(dates) # Tickmark + label at every plotted point
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('%d/%m/%Y %H:%M'))
ax.plot_date(dates, levels, ls='-', marker='o')
ax.set_title('title')
ax.set_ylabel('Waterlevel (m)')
ax.grid(True)
# Format the x-axis for dates (label formatting, rotation)
fig.autofmt_xdate(rotation=45)
fig.tight_layout()
fig.show()
With file.dat
being eg与file.dat
例如
01 06 2013 00 00 00 24.23
02 06 2013 01 00 00 22.23
03 06 2013 02 00 00 21.43
04 06 2013 03 00 00 24.32
04 06 2013 14 30 00 23.42
06 06 2013 03 00 00 24.32
07 06 2013 19 20 00 23.54
08 06 2013 03 00 00 26.23
08 06 2013 19 00 00 24.43
10 06 2013 12 40 00 23.22
the output becomes like this:输出变成这样:
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