如何使用 Laravel 迁移将时间戳列的默认值设置为当前时间戳？

Question

I would like to make a timestamp column with a default value of CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP using the Laravel Schema Builder/Migrations. I have gone through the Laravel documentation several times, and I don't see how I can make that the default for a timestamp column.

The timestamps() function makes the defaults 0000-00-00 00:00 for both columns that it makes.

Answer 1

Given it's a raw expression, you should use DB::raw() to set CURRENT_TIMESTAMP as a default value for a column:

$table->timestamp('created_at')->default(DB::raw('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'));

This works flawlessly on every database driver.

As of Laravel 5.1.25 (see PR 10962 and commit 15c487fe ) you can now use the new useCurrent() column modifier method to achieve the same default value for a column:

$table->timestamp('created_at')->useCurrent();

Back to the question, on MySQL you could also use the ON UPDATE clause through DB::raw() :

$table->timestamp('updated_at')->default(DB::raw('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'));

Again, as of Laravel 8.36.0 (see PR 36817 ) you can now use the new useCurrentOnUpdate() column modifier method together with the useCurrent() modifier to achieve the same default value for a column:

$table->timestamp('updated_at')->useCurrent()->useCurrentOnUpdate();

Gotchas

• MySQL
  
  Starting with MySQL 5.7, 0000-00-00 00:00:00 is no longer considered a valid date. As documented at the Laravel 5.2 upgrade guide , all timestamp columns should receive a valid default value when you insert records into your database. You may use the useCurrent() column modifier (from Laravel 5.1.25 and above) in your migrations to default the timestamp columns to the current timestamps, or you may make the timestamps nullable() to allow null values.

• PostgreSQL & Laravel 4.x
  
  In Laravel 4.x versions, the PostgreSQL driver was using the default database precision to store timestamp values. When using the CURRENT_TIMESTAMP function on a column with a default precision, PostgreSQL generates a timestamp with the higher precision available, thus generating a timestamp with a fractional second part - see this SQL fiddle .

  This will led Carbon to fail parsing a timestamp since it won't be expecting microseconds being stored. To avoid this unexpected behavior breaking your application you have to explicitly give a zero precision to the CURRENT_TIMESTAMP function as below:

   $table->timestamp('created_at')->default(DB::raw('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(0)'));

  Since Laravel 5.0, timestamp() columns has been changed to use a default precision of zero which avoids this.

Thanks to @andrewhl for pointing out the Laravel 4.x issue in the comments.

Thanks to @ChanakaKarunarathne for bringing out the new useCurrentOnUpdate() shortcut in the comments.

Answer 2

To create both of the created_at and updated_at columns:

$t->timestamp('created_at')->default(DB::raw('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'));
$t->timestamp('updated_at')->default(DB::raw('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'));

You will need MySQL version >= 5.6.5 to have multiple columns with CURRENT_TIMESTAMP

Answer 3

Starting from Laravel 5.1.26, tagged on 2015-12-02, a useCurrent() modifier has been added:

Schema::table('users', function ($table) {
    $table->timestamp('created')->useCurrent();
});

PR 10962 (followed by commit 15c487fe ) leaded to this addition.

You may also want to read issues 3602 and 11518 which are of interest.

Basically, MySQL 5.7 (with default config) requires you to define either a default value or nullable for time fields.

Answer 4

As additional possibility for future googlers

I find it more useful to have null in the updated_at column when the record is been created but has never been modified . It reduces the db size (ok, just a little) and its possible to see it at the first sight that the data has never been modified.

As of this I use:

$table->timestamp('created_at')->useCurrent();
$table->timestamp('updated_at')->default(DB::raw('NULL ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'))->nullable();

(In Laravel 7+8 with mysql 8).

---

Edit: Since Laravel 8 you can also use:

$table->timestamp('created_at')->useCurrent();
$table->timestamp('updated_at')->nullable()->useCurrentOnUpdate();

to achieve the same result.

Thanks to @bilogic for pointing this out.

Answer 5

This doesn't work for a fact:

$table->timestamp('created_at')->default('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP');

It doesn't remove the 'default 0' that seems to come with selecting timestamp and it just appends the custom default. But we kind of need it without the quotes. Not everything that manipulates a DB is coming from Laravel4. That's his point. He wants custom defaults on certain columns like:

$table->timestamps()->default('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP');

I don't think it's possible with Laravel. I've been searching for an hour now to see whether it's possible.

---

Update: Paulos Freita's answer shows that it is possible, but the syntax isn't straightforward.

Answer 6

Use Paulo Freitas suggestion instead.

---

Until Laravel fixes this, you can run a standard database query after the Schema::create have been run.

    Schema::create("users", function($table){
        $table->increments('id');
        $table->string('email', 255);
        $table->string('given_name', 100);
        $table->string('family_name', 100);
        $table->timestamp('joined');
        $table->enum('gender', ['male', 'female', 'unisex'])->default('unisex');
        $table->string('timezone', 30)->default('UTC');
        $table->text('about');
    });
    DB::statement("ALTER TABLE ".DB::getTablePrefix()."users CHANGE joined joined TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP NOT NULL");

It worked wonders for me.

Answer 7

在 laravel 7 中，要设置当前时间，请使用以下命令：

$table->timestamp('column_name')->useCurrent();

Answer 8

如果您要为 dateTime 列设置当前日期时间（就像我在谷歌上搜索时一样），请使用这种方式

$table->dateTime('signed_when')->useCurrent();

Answer 9

I used this for laravel 5.X, on the users table created_at to set the timestamps automatically on record creation. (we have a client that wants to input users directly in the DB so I had to make sure the timestamps got set)

<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Carbon\Carbon;

class UpdatingUserTableTimeStampsForAccuracy extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::table('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->dateTime('created_at')->change()->default(\Carbon\Carbon::now());
        });
    }

    public function down()
    {
        Schema::table('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->dateTime('created_at')->change();
        });
    }
}

Use that line if you are doing a change migration.

If you are a fan of Carbon, this works great!

Or if you are setting this in your table creation migration.

 $table->dateTime('created_at')->default(\Carbon\Carbon::now());

Answer 10

I use the following customization in Laravel to:

1. Default created_at to the current timestamp
2. Update the timestamp when the record is updated

First, I'll create a file, helpers.php , in the root of Laravel and insert the following:

<?php

if (!function_exists('database_driver')) {
    function database_driver(): string
    {
        $connection = config('database.default');
        return config('database.connections.' . $connection . '.driver');
    }
}

if (!function_exists('is_database_driver')) {
    function is_database_driver(string $driver): bool
    {
        return $driver === database_driver();
    }
}

In composer.json, I'll insert the following into autoload . This allows composer to auto-discover helpers.php.

    "autoload": {
        "files": [
            "app/Services/Uploads/Processors/processor_functions.php",
            "app/helpers.php"
        ]
    },

I use the following in my Laravel models.

        if (is_database_driver('sqlite')) {
            $table->timestamps();
        } else {
            $table->timestamp('created_at')->default(\DB::raw('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'));
            $table->timestamp('updated_at')
                ->default(DB::raw('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'));
        }

This allows my team to continue using sqlite for unit tests. ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP is a MySQL shortcut and is not available in sqlite.

Answer 11

唯一对我有用的是

DB::statement("ALTER TABLE orders CHANGE updated_at updated_at TIMESTAMP NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP");

Answer 12

This is how you do it, I have checked it and it works on my Laravel 4.2.

$table->timestamp('created_at')->default(DB::raw('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'));

Hope this helps.

Answer 13

Usethe following:

$table->timestamp('created_at')->nullable();

Hopefully, it will help you. Thank you.

Answer 14

In Laravel 5 simply:

$table->timestamps(); //Adds created_at and updated_at columns.

Documentation: http://laravel.com/docs/5.1/migrations#creating-columns