[英]Why this code doesn't work?
i get a segmentation here. 我在这里得到了细分。 However if i declare array as int** and use malloc, it works fine.
但是,如果我将数组声明为int **并使用malloc,则可以正常工作。
#include <stdio.h>
void display(int **p,int numRows,int numCols) //Second Method//
{
printf("\n");
int i,j;
for (i = 0; i< numRows;i++)
{
for (j = 0;j< numCols;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",p[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
}
int main() {
int arr[2][2]={{1,2},{4,5}};
display(arr,2,2);
}
PS I don't need an alternative way, just tell me why this code doesn't work. 附注:我不需要替代方法,只需告诉我为什么这段代码行不通。
arr
is an array of 2 arrays of 2 int
s. arr
是2个int
的2个数组的数组。 When it's used in an expression without being the subject of either the unary &
or sizeof
operators, it evaluates to a pointer to its first element. 当在表达式中使用它而不是一元
&
或sizeof
运算符的主题时,它将求值指向其第一个元素的指针。
This is a "pointer to an array of 2 int
", which is the type int (*)[2]
. 这是“指向2
int
数组的指针”,其类型为int (*)[2]
。 It is not a pointer to a pointer to int
, which is the type int **
. 它不是指向类型为
int **
int
指针的指针。 Furthermore, these types are not compatible, and you can't pass the former to a function expecting the latter. 此外,这些类型不兼容,您不能将前者传递给期望后者的函数。
An int **
must be pointing at something that itself is a pointer. int **
必须指向本身就是指针的对象。 The pointer you are passing to display
is pointing at an array, not a pointer. 您传递给
display
的指针指向的是数组,而不是指针。
Please don't neglect warnings 请不要忽视警告
expected int **' but argument is of type 'int (*)[2]
arr
is an array of 2 arrays of 2 integers arr
是2个2的整数的数组
Use : 采用 :
void display(int p[][2],int numRows,int numCols)
An int**
is a pointer to a pointer, while an int [2][2]
contiguously stores two arrays. 一个
int**
是指向指针的指针,而一个int [2][2]
连续存储两个数组。 That's your mistake. 那是你的错
With int x[2][2]
, when you do x[1]
, you tell the compiler to access memory by skipping one set of two elements, and the resulting expression is an array of two elements. 使用
int x[2][2]
,当您执行x[1]
,您告诉编译器通过跳过两个元素的集合来访问内存,并且结果表达式是两个元素的数组。 With int** x
, when you do x[1]
, you tell the compiler to access memory by skipping one pointer . 使用
int** x
时,执行x[1]
,您将跳过一个指针来告诉编译器访问内存。 While you access data the same way for both, the two are simply not laid out the same way. 当您以相同的方式访问两者的数据时,两者的布局方式根本不同。
In memory, x[2][2] = {{1, 2}, {4, 5}}
looks like this: 在内存中,
x[2][2] = {{1, 2}, {4, 5}}
看起来像这样:
// 4 contiguous elements
01 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 05 00 00 00
While int** x
looks like this: 虽然
int** x
看起来像这样:
// pointers to integers
aa bb cc dd aa ab ac ad
// At [aa bb cc dd]:
01 00 00 00 02 00 00 00
// At [aa ab ac ad]:
04 00 00 00 05 00 00 00
Therefore, to adapt for an int**
, you must create an array of int*
pointers dynamically and set each entry to the lower dimension of your array. 因此,要适应
int**
,必须动态创建一个int*
指针数组,并将每个条目设置为数组的较低维度。
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