从同一套接字发送和接收数据的简单 UDP 示例

Question

For some reason I am having a hard time sending and receiving data from the same socket. Anyways here is my client code:

var client = new UdpClient();
IPEndPoint ep = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 11000); // endpoint where server is listening (testing localy)
client.Connect(ep); 

// send data
client.Send(new byte[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }, 5);

// then receive data
var receivedData = client.Receive(ref ep);  // Exception: An existing connection was forcibly closed by the remote host

Basically I want to create a protocol where I send a udp packet and then I expect a response. Just like the HTTP protocol for every request there is a response. This code works if the server is on a different computer. There might be the case where the server and client are on the same computer though.

Here is the server:

UdpClient udpServer = new UdpClient(UDP_LISTEN_PORT);

while (true)
{
    var groupEP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 11000); // listen on any port
    var data = udpServer.Receive(ref groupEP);
    udpServer.Send(new byte[] { 1 }, 1); // if data is received reply letting the client know that we got his data          
}

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Edit

the reason why I cannot use tcp is because sometimes the client is behind a NAT (router) and it is simpler to do UDP hole punching than TCP.

---

Solution:

thanks to markmnl answer here is my code:

Server:

UdpClient udpServer = new UdpClient(11000);

while (true)
{
    var remoteEP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 11000); 
    var data = udpServer.Receive(ref remoteEP); // listen on port 11000
    Console.Write("receive data from " + remoteEP.ToString());
    udpServer.Send(new byte[] { 1 }, 1, remoteEP); // reply back
}

Client code:

var client = new UdpClient();
IPEndPoint ep = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 11000); // endpoint where server is listening
client.Connect(ep);

// send data
client.Send(new byte[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }, 5);

// then receive data
var receivedData = client.Receive(ref ep);

Console.Write("receive data from " + ep.ToString());

Console.Read();

Answer 1

(I presume you are aware that using UDP(User Datagram Protocol) does not guarantee delivery, checks for duplicates and congestion control and will just answer your question).

In your server this line:

var data = udpServer.Receive(ref groupEP);

re-assigns groupEP from what you had to a the address you receive something on.

This line:

udpServer.Send(new byte[] { 1 }, 1); 

Will not work since you have not specified who to send the data to. (It works on your client because you called connect which means send will always be sent to the end point you connected to, of course we don't want that on the server as we could have many clients). I would:

UdpClient udpServer = new UdpClient(UDP_LISTEN_PORT);

while (true)
{
    var remoteEP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 11000);
    var data = udpServer.Receive(ref remoteEP);
    udpServer.Send(new byte[] { 1 }, 1, remoteEP); // if data is received reply letting the client know that we got his data          
}

Also if you have server and client on the same machine you should have them on different ports.

Answer 2

I'll try to keep this short, I've done this a few months ago for a game I was trying to build, it does a UDP "Client-Server" connection that acts like TCP, you can send (message) (message + object) using this. I've done some testing with it and it works just fine, feel free to modify it if needed.

Answer 3

here is my soln to define the remote and local port and then write out to a file the received data, put this all in a class of your choice with the correct imports

    static UdpClient sendClient = new UdpClient();
    static int localPort = 49999;
    static int remotePort = 49000;
    static IPEndPoint localEP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, localPort);
    static IPEndPoint remoteEP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), remotePort);
    static string logPath = System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "/recvd.txt";
    static System.IO.StreamWriter fw = new System.IO.StreamWriter(logPath, true);


    private static void initStuff()
    {
      
        fw.AutoFlush = true;
        sendClient.ExclusiveAddressUse = false;
        sendClient.Client.SetSocketOption(SocketOptionLevel.Socket, SocketOptionName.ReuseAddress, true);
        sendClient.Client.Bind(localEP);
        sendClient.BeginReceive(DataReceived, sendClient);
    }

    private static void DataReceived(IAsyncResult ar)
    {
        UdpClient c = (UdpClient)ar.AsyncState;
        IPEndPoint receivedIpEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
        Byte[] receivedBytes = c.EndReceive(ar, ref receivedIpEndPoint);
        fw.WriteLine(DateTime.Now.ToString("HH:mm:ss.ff tt") +  " (" + receivedBytes.Length + " bytes)");

        c.BeginReceive(DataReceived, ar.AsyncState);
    }


    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        initStuff();
        byte[] emptyByte = {};
        sendClient.Send(emptyByte, emptyByte.Length, remoteEP);
    }