f＃成员约束和IEnumerable集合

Question

I'm new to F# and today I saw the member constraint feature of F#.

I was thinking of if one could (ab)use it in the following way...

Say I want to iterate get the texts of the items in a ListView. I could do it like this:

let listView = new System.Windows.Forms.ListView()
let itemTexts = 
    listView.Items
    |> Seq.cast<System.Windows.Forms.ListViewItem>
    |> Seq.map (fun item -> item.Text)

The Seq.cast above is not type safe and kind of ugly.

What I was thinking was this:

> let item (i:int) = listView.Items.Item i;;

val item : int -> System.Windows.Forms.ListViewItem

So the type of the IEnumerable is in fact encoded into the class, just in a round-about way.

The example of member constraints I saw was the following:

type Cat() = 
    member this.Walk() = printfn "cat walk"
type Dog() = 
    member this.Walk() = printfn "dog walk"

let adapter() = 
    let cat = Cat()
    let dog = Dog()
    let inline walk (x : ^T) = (^T : (member Walk : unit->unit) (x))
    walk(cat)
    walk(dog)

I got the idea that it's a bit similar to what I'd want to do above.

Could this be used to create a function to be use like the following instead?

let itemTexts = 
    listView.Items
    |> Seq.asSeq
    |> Seq.map (fun item -> item.Text)

Edit : The idea was to implement a general Seq.asSeq extension method that'd take something that implements the non-generic IEnumerable and that has a strongly typed Item -member as above and then invoke Seq.cast with the corresponding type from the Item -member.

Here's my first fumbling attempts:

let listView = new System.Windows.Forms.ListView()
let items = 
    listView.Items

type cat() = 
    member this.Item (i:int) = "cat walk"
    interface System.Collections.IEnumerable with
       member this.GetEnumerator() = ((seq { yield (this.Item 0) }) :> System.Collections.IEnumerable).GetEnumerator()

type dog() = 
    member this.Item (i:int) = 6
    interface System.Collections.IEnumerable with
       member this.GetEnumerator() = ((seq { yield (this.Item 0) }) :> System.Collections.IEnumerable).GetEnumerator()

let cat = cat()
let dog = dog()

let inline asSeq (x : ^t) =
    let dummy _ = (^t : (member Item : int -> 'a) (x, 0))
    Seq.cast<'a> x

This almost works, but not for the real type!

> cat;;
val it : cat = seq ["cat walk"]
> asSeq cat;;
val it : seq<string> = seq ["cat walk"]
> asSeq dog;;
val it : seq<int> = seq [6]
> asSeq items;;

  asSeq items;;
  ------^^^^^

C:\...\stdin(5,7): error FS0001: The type 'System.Windows.Forms.ListView.ListViewItemCollection' does not support any operators named 'Item'
>

I guess it's my fake-types that do not properly reflect the .NET indexed properties...

Any help?

Edit 2: This actually works!

let inline asSeq (x : ^t) =
    let dummy _ = (^t : (member Item : int -> 'a with get) (x, 0))
    Seq.cast<'a> x

Answer 1

It sounds like you want something along these lines , in which case your code is nearly right.

Note that one issue is that you're attempting to use indexed properties interchangeably with methods, but you're not doing it quite right: for an indexed property named Item , the method's actual name will be get_Item (alternatively, you can use the syntax member Item : int -> 'a with get instead of using the get_Item method directly).