压缩文件列表时，文件名中包含空格

Question

I've been trying to compress a set of files contain spaces in thier file-names using a bash file. The bash file is:

#!/bin/bash
tar -cPf 'myconfigs.tar' `cat myconfigs.list`

The content of myconfigs.list file is:

/home/anas/.config/chromium/Default/Bookmarks
/home/anas/.config/chromium/Default/Login Data
/home/anas/.config/chromium/Default/Login Data-journal

The problem is that files contain spaces in their file-names don't be included in the result TAR archive. I tried '', "", %20... but didn't work.

Thanks for your help in advance.

Answer 1

Anas,

I think you need to use:

tar -cPf myconfigs.tar -T myconfigs.list

instead of your "cat" . cat should work too if you properly escape the filenames inside, but -T is better.

UPDATED (to address your question in question's comments): I cannot comment in your question (don't have enough reputation), so I decided to improve my answer instead.

The tilde (~) expansion is a shell thing, tar does not support it. However, to achieve what you want to achieve, you can use the following trick:

• use relative paths in your myconfigs.list file (relative to the home directory):

.config/chromium/Default/Bookmarks
    .config/chromium/Default/Login Data
    .config/chromium/Default/Login Data-journal

• run tar in such way that it changes directory to your home on startup:

tar -cPf myconfigs.tar -C ~/ -T myconfigs.list

OK, I went ahead and created a sample session illustrating it:

root@web:~ # useradd -m galaxy
root@web:~ # su - galaxy
galaxy@web:~ $ mkdir -p {1,2}/{3,4}/{5,6,7}
galaxy@web:~ $ find . -xdev -type d -exec touch '{}/file.txt' \;
galaxy@web:~ $ cat << EOF > include.lst
> 1/3
> 1/4/5/file.txt
> 1/4/7
> 2/file.txt
> EOF
galaxy@web:~ $ cd 2/3/6
galaxy@web:~/2/3/6 $ tar cjSpf ~/sample.tar.bz2 -C ~/ -T ~/include.lst
galaxy@web:~/2/3/6 $ cd
galaxy@web:~ $ tar tjvf sample.tar.bz2
drwx------ galaxy/galaxy     0 2014-02-19 04:10 1/3/
-rw------- galaxy/galaxy     0 2014-02-19 04:10 1/3/file.txt
drwx------ galaxy/galaxy     0 2014-02-19 04:10 1/3/7/
-rw------- galaxy/galaxy     0 2014-02-19 04:10 1/3/7/file.txt
drwx------ galaxy/galaxy     0 2014-02-19 04:10 1/3/6/
-rw------- galaxy/galaxy     0 2014-02-19 04:10 1/3/6/file.txt
drwx------ galaxy/galaxy     0 2014-02-19 04:10 1/3/5/
-rw------- galaxy/galaxy     0 2014-02-19 04:10 1/3/5/file.txt
-rw------- galaxy/galaxy     0 2014-02-19 04:10 1/4/5/file.txt
drwx------ galaxy/galaxy     0 2014-02-19 04:10 1/4/7/
-rw------- galaxy/galaxy     0 2014-02-19 04:10 1/4/7/file.txt
-rw------- galaxy/galaxy     0 2014-02-19 04:10 2/file.txt
galaxy@web:~ $

This should give you a start :)

Answer 2

Don't use cat's output like that otherwise space is considered a delimiter and a separete argument to the tar command.

You can use -T tar option :

tar -cPv -T myconfigs.list -f myconfigs.tar