使用python将文件复制到名称与该文件几乎相同的文件夹

Question

I will try to explain what I'm trying to do, but English isn't my first language.

I have a list of items, eg ["cat size", "house size", "car size"] and some files that contain the names of the items in my list. eg cat.size.txt and house.size.fromBob.txt .

I want to do the following copy: cat.size.txt to directoty H:/new/2CopyTo/Cat size/ and house.size.fromBob.txt to directory H:/new/2CopyTo/house size/

Below is what I made to copy the files to just one directory, but I want each file in its own directory (on my pc the list contains 50 items, so don't want to do it manually).

Thanks!!

import glob
import shutil
import os

#=========List of items
list = ["cat size","house size","car size"]

#=========directories
FromDir = "H:/New/1RecievedFiles/"
CopyDir = "H:/New/2CopyTo/"

#=========get list of items to be used in glob.glob
filesList = [x.replace(" ", "*")+"*.*" for x in list]

#=========get list of new files in FromDir, use filesList in glob.glob
listOfNew = [glob.glob(FromDir+item) for item in filesList ]
# returns [['H:/New/1RecievedFiles\\cat.size.txt'], ['H:/New/1RecievedFiles\\house.size.fromBob.txt']]    

#=========make a single list from the list in a list
listOfNewfiles = [item for sublist in listOfNew for item in sublist]
# returns ['H:/New/1RecievedFiles\\cat.size.txt', 'H:/New/1RecievedFiles\\house.size.fromBob.txt']

#=========copy files
[shutil.copy2(item, CopyDir) for item in listOfNewfiles]

Answer 1

I set up a test directory that looks like this:

$ ls -1
copyto/
car.size.txt
cat.size.txt
house.size.fromBob.txt

I believe this is similar to what you have. Given the same list you have, here is how I approached your problem:

import os, shutil
# lst not list -- naming it list overshadows a builtin
lst = ['cat size', 'house size', 'car size']
# PEP8 - lowercase with underscore here; CamelCase for classes
from_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.expanduser('~/test'))
copy_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.expanduser('~/test/copyto'))

to_copy = [f for f in os.listdir(from_dir) if os.path.isfile(f)]
# ['car.size.txt', 'house.size.fromBob.txt', 'cat.size.txt']

for filename in to_copy:
    needle = ' '.join(filename.split('.')[:2])
    if needle in lst:
        dest_dir = os.path.join(copy_dir, needle)
        os.mkdir(dest_dir)
        shutil.copy2(os.path.join(from_dir, filename), dest_dir)

After this, my test directory was exactly as shown before, and this is the result of ls -R1 copyto :

copyto:
car size/
cat size/
house size/

copyto/car size:
car.size.txt

copyto/cat size:
cat.size.txt

copyto/house size:
house.size.fromBob.txt

Does that work for your case? (PS - Python is great for this kind of thing, isn't it?)

Answer 2

Iterate through your list and check for the term that categorizes where its going to be saved. IE 'cat', 'dog', or 'house'

something like this

import os,shutil

for item in list:
    if 'cat' in listitem:
        shutil.copyfile(source, 'H:/new/2CopyTo/cat size/')
    elif 'house' in listitem:
        shutil.copyfile(source, 'H.......etc etc
    elif 'car'.....

is this what you were wanting?