在numpy中将向量组合为列矩阵

Question

I have 3 vectors like the following:

a = np.ones(20)
b = np.zeros(20)
c = np.ones(20)

I am trying to combine them into one matrix of dimension 20x3.

Currently I am doing:

n1 = np.vstack((a,b))
n2 = np.vstack((n1,c)).T

This works, but isn't there a way to fill matrix with arrays in column-wise fashion?

Answer 1

There are a few different ways you could do this. Here are a some examples:

Using np.c_ :

np.c_[a, b, c]

Using np.dstack and np.squeeze :

np.dstack((a, b, c)).squeeze()

Using np.vstack and transpose (similar to your method):

np.vstack((a,b,c)).T

Using np.concatenate and reshape :

np.concatenate((a, b, c)).reshape((-1, 3), order='F')

If efficiency matters here, the last method using np.concatenate appears to be by far the quickest on my computer:

>>> %timeit np.c_[a, b, c]
10000 loops, best of 3: 46.7 us per loop

>>> %timeit np.dstack((a, b, c)).squeeze()
100000 loops, best of 3: 18.2 us per loop

>>> %timeit np.vstack((a,b,c)).T
100000 loops, best of 3: 17.8 us per loop

>>> %timeit np.concatenate((a, b, c)).reshape((-1, 3), order='F')
100000 loops, best of 3: 3.41 us per loop

Answer 2

Yes, use column_stack :

np.column_stack((a,b,c))

That works for stacking general 1-d arrays. In your specific case where you want a 20x3 array such that each row is (1,0,1) , I'd suggest:

np.tile([1.,0.,1.], (20,1))