Python将字符串转换为列表然后是一些

Question

Basically what I am trying to do is take an input (see below) and convert the format to the following output (see below). The output being a list of dictionaries. I have been playing with .split() and .strip() but I still having issues in separating the IP address with the room number. (see my code below)

input:

"bromine ";" 00:23:AE:90:FA:C6 ";" 144.38.198.130";151 #(this is just one line in the file, there are several lines with this exact format)

output:

[{'ip': '144.38.198.130', 'mac': '00:23:AE:90:FA:C6', 'name': 'bromine', 'room': '151'}] #(again this would be just one of the lines)

My code:

import sys

my_list = []
file = sys.stdin
for line in file:
   # d = {}
    line = line.strip('"')
    line = line.split()

    name = line[0]
    macAddress = line[2]
    ipAddress = line[4]
    #roomNum = [?]

    d={'ip': ipAddress, 'mac': macAddress, 'name': name, 'room': None}
    my_list.append(d)
    #print line

print d

This is the output I'm getting: {'ip': '144.38.196.157";119', 'mac': '00:23:AE:90:FB:5B', 'name': 'tellurium', 'room': None}

Close but no cigar, trying to separate the 119

Answer 1

The list comprehension below removes double quotes from line , then splits on semi-colons, then strips leading & trailing white space from each field in the line. Then it extracts the fields to named variables using tuple assignment.

#! /usr/bin/env python

line = '"bromine ";" 00:23:AE:90:FA:C6 ";" 144.38.198.130";151'
print line

line = [s.strip() for s in line.replace('"', '').split(';')]
print line

name, macAddress, ipAddress, roomNum = line
d = {'ip': ipAddress, 'mac': macAddress, 'name': name, 'room': roomNum}

print d

output

"bromine ";" 00:23:AE:90:FA:C6 ";" 144.38.198.130";151
['bromine', '00:23:AE:90:FA:C6', '144.38.198.130', '151']
{'ip': '144.38.198.130', 'mac': '00:23:AE:90:FA:C6', 'name': 'bromine', 'room': '151'}

---

I should mention that each line coming from your for line in file: will end in newline characters; my code removes that along with other white space with the s.strip() in the list comprehension. Failure to remove newlines from text file input lines can lead to mysterious &/or annoying behaviour...

Answer 2

Try:

line.replace(';',' ').split()

Split Strings with Multiple Delimiters?

This replaces semicolon with space, then splits. The link provided will give a more general solution to splitting on multiple delimiters.

Answer 3

Extracting using replace/strip:

import sys

my_list = []
f = sys.stdin

for line in f:
    line = line.split('";')
    result = dict(
                  zip(["name", "mac", "ip", "room"],
                  [field.replace('"', "").strip() for field in line]))
    my_list.append(result)

print my_list

Extracting using regex:

import sys
import re

my_list = []
f = sys.stdin

pattern = r'"(\w*)\W*([\w:]*)\W*([\w\.]*)";(\w*)'
for line in f:
    result = dict(
        zip(["name", "mac", "ip", "room"],
            re.match(pattern, line).groups()))
    my_list.append(result)

print my_list

Output:

[{'ip': '144.38.198.130', 'mac': '00:23:AE:90:FA:C6', 'name': 'bromine', 'room': '151'},
{'ip': '144.38.196.157', 'mac': '00:23:AE:90:FB:5B', 'name': 'tellurium', 'room': '119'}]

Answer 4

To remove the 119 , which is preceded by a ; , just split by the semi-colon:

line.split(';')

Return a list of the words in the string, using sep as the delimiter string.

In your code:

import sys

my_list = []
file = sys.stdin
for line in file:
   # d = {}
    line = line.strip('"')
    line = line.split()[0]
    name = line.split(';')[0]

    macAddress = line[2]
    ipAddress = line[4]
    #roomNum = [?]

    d={'ip': ipAddress, 'mac': macAddress, 'name': name, 'room': None}
    my_list.append(d)
    #print line

print d

Answer 5

After storing the valued in a variable

import re
input = '"a";"b";"c";"d"'
keys = ['x','y','z','w']
inputlist = input.split(';')
for x in range(0, len(inputlist)):
    inputlist[x] = re.sub(r'"','',inputlist [x])
output = dict(zip(keys,inputlist))