java bufferedReader。 如何读取行的一部分

Question

Ok now, here's my question. I wrote an algorithm to do specific things. Currently I create my processes myself in the class constructor and store them in a priority queue. However I want to be able to write a .txt file with multiple lines. Each line will represent a process with its different attributes separated by space. Here's what my .txt will look like:

P1 0 8
P2 1 4
P3 2 9
P4 3 3
END 4 9999

p1, p2... etc are the names of each process. Then the second column is the first attribute and the third column is the second attribute.

I need to be able to read each column at a time and store the value in my processes. How can I read those values and distinguish between them? (treat them as separate things)

Answer 1

So you want to read the file line-by-line and separate each line?

BufferReader in=new BufferedReader...
String line;
while ((line=in.readLine())!=null) {
  String[] data=line.split(" ");
  //now, data will be a array which contains the data
  //data[0] = the first item in the line
  //data[1] = the first number
  //data[2] = the second number
}

Answer 2

Have a look at the java.util.Scanner class, it can help to read separate tokens from a Reader .

It has methods to read the next token as an integer, as a string or many other types. There are also some examples in the class Javadoc...

Answer 3

You got both whitespace (seperating the attributes) and new line (seperates the whole process information) as seperators.

Using a BufferedReader, you could either read a whole line (reader.readLine()) to parse one whole process information and use String.split() to seperate the attributes (edit: see answer from dyslabs).

An obviously more performant (but less intuitive) approach is to read single characters (reader.read()) and check if you either read a whitespace- or a new-line-character:

// caution: code is not tested but shows the general approach
List<ProcessInformation> processInfo = new ArrayList<>();
String pInfoStr = new String[3];

int processInfoIndex = 0;
String[] processInfoHolder = new String[3];
String processInfo = "";
int c;
while( (c = reader.read()) != -1 ) {
   if (Character.isWhitespace(c)) {
      processInfoHolder[processInfoIndex++] = processInfo;
      processInfoStr = "";
   }
   else if (c == 10) { // not sure if correct codepoint for whitespace
      processInfo.add(new ProcessInfo(processInfoHolder));
      processInfoIndex = 0;
   }
   else {
      processInfoStr += c;
   }
}

You could even more optimize this method by using StringBuilder.

Answer 4

In order to be able to read a file line by line I use readLine() != null while in order to retrieve the values separated by whitespace, use the split method and store each value of a single line in an array, here's how I implemented your example:

public static void main(String[] args) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    BufferedReader buffer;
    FileReader fileReader;
    String p1[] = new String[4];
    String p2[] = new String[4];
    String p3[] = new String[4];
    String p4[] = new String[4];
    String end[] = new String[4];
    try {
        fileReader = new FileReader(new File("file.txt"));
        buffer = new BufferedReader(fileReader);
        String line;
        line = buffer.readLine();
        // ============= Read the fist line =============
        p1 = line.split("\\s+");

        while((line = buffer.readLine()) != null) {

            // ============= Read the second line =============
            p2 = line.split("\\s+");        

            // ============= Read the third line =============
            if((line = buffer.readLine()) != null) {
                p3 = line.split("\\s+");        
            }
            // ============= Read the forth line =============
            if((line = buffer.readLine()) != null) {
                p4 = line.split("\\s+");        
            }
            // ============= Read the last line =============
            if((line = buffer.readLine()) != null) {
                end = line.split("\\s+");       
            }

        }
        fileReader.close();
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    } 

    int v1[] = new int[3];
    int v2[] = new int[3];
    int v3[] = new int[3];
    int v4[] = new int[3];
    int v_end[] = new int[3];


    for (int i = 0 ; i < p1.length; i++)
        System.out.print(p1[i]+ " ");
    System.out.println();
    for (int i = 0 ; i < p2.length; i++)
        System.out.print(p2[i]+ " ");
    System.out.println();
    for (int i = 0 ; i < p3.length; i++)
        System.out.print(p3[i]+ " ");
    System.out.println();
    for (int i = 0 ; i < p4.length; i++)
        System.out.print(p4[i]+ " ");
    System.out.println();
    for (int i = 0 ; i < end.length; i++)
        System.out.print(end[i]+ " ");
}