为什么修改`Array.prototype`不起作用？

Question

Please refer - https://jsfiddle.net/53ranmn5/1

Array.prototype.method1 = function() {
console.log("method1 called");
}
[1,2,3,4].method1();

I get the following error,

TypeError: Cannot read property 'method1' of undefined

Why so? How can I fix this?

Answer 1

You're missing a semicolon:

Array.prototype.method1 = function() {
    console.log("method1 called");
}; // <--- Hi there!
[1,2,3,4].method1();

What?

Semicolons are optional in javascript, so the code you wrote is equivalent to:

Array.prototype.method1 = function() { ... }[1,2,3,4].method1();
// after evaluating the comma operator:
Array.prototype.method1 = function() { ... }[4].method1();
// naturally, functions don't have a fourth index
undefined.method1();
// Error :(

Be careful with your semicolons!

Some reading material:

• What does a comma do?
• What are the rules for Javascript's automatic semicolon insertion (ASI)?
• http://inimino.org/~inimino/blog/javascript_semicolons
• Specification: Latest stable (es5) , Draft (es2015) .

Answer 2

Works fine for me, just added one character:

Array.prototype.method1 = function() {
    console.log("method1 has been called");
};
[1,2,3,4].method1();