当我不知道键和属性没有名称时，如何在 C# 中解析 JSON 对象？

Question

Here is my unparsed JSON:

{ "1": [ [ [ 2015, 6, 1, 8, 0, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ], [ 2015, 6, 1, 9, 30, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ] ], [ [ 2015, 6, 1, 8, 30, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ], [ 2015, 6, 1, 10, 0, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ] ], [ [ 2015, 6, 1, 9, 0, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ], [ 2015, 6, 1, 10, 30, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ] ], [ [ 2015, 6, 1, 9, 30, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ], [ 2015, 6, 1, 11, 0, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ] ] ], "2": [ [ [ 2015, 6, 2, 8, 0, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ], [ 2015, 6, 2, 9, 30, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ] ], [ [ 2015, 6, 2, 8, 30, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ], [ 2015, 6, 2, 10, 0, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ] ], [ [ 2015, 6, 2, 9, 0, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ], [ 2015, 6, 2, 10, 30, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ] ], [ [ 2015, 6, 2, 9, 30, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ], [ 2015, 6, 2, 11, 0, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ] ] ], "3": [ [ [ 2015, 6, 3, 8, 0, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ], [ 2015, 6, 3, 9, 30, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ] ], [ [ 2015, 6, 3, 8, 30, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ], [ 2015, 6, 3, 10, 0, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ] ], [ [ 2015, 6, 3, 9, 0, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ], [ 2015, 6, 3, 10, 30, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ] ], [ [ 2015, 6, 3, 9, 30, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ], [ 2015, 6, 3, 11, 0, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ] ] ], "4": [ [ [ 2015, 6, 4, 8, 0, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ], [ 2015, 6, 4, 9, 30, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ] ], [ [ 2015, 6, 4, 8, 30, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ], [ 2015, 6, 4, 10, 0, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ] ], [ [ 2015, 6, 4, 9, 0, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ], [ 2015, 6, 4, 10, 30, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ] ], [ [ 2015, 6, 4, 9, 30, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ], [ 2015, 6, 4, 11, 0, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ] ] ]}

This is the basic format:

ROOT

 Day of the month

      time slot

           time slot start

           time slot end

This is what it looks like formatted:

I cannot figure out for the life of me how to drill through this. This question should be similar to How do I parse a JSON object in C# when I don't know the key in advance?

If I do the following, I get "System.InvalidOperationException: Cannot access child value on Newtonsoft.Json.Linq.JValue."

        JObject objTimes = JObject.Parse(strJson);

        foreach (var day in objTimes["1"])
        {
            divTimes.InnerHtml += day[0][0][0];
        }

Answer 1

What you can do is to design a class (named, eg, Entry ) to represent the data representing the lowest level of array in the JSON: [ 2015, 6, 3, 9, 30, 0, 3600, "Europe/London", "BST", 1 ] . Then create a JsonConverter to load the array values sequentially into the array. Finally deserialize the outer dictionary and arrays as appropriate:

Here is one possible class to represent the data of a single inner array:

[JsonConverter(typeof(EntryConverter))]
public class Entry
{
    public Entry()
    {
        // You need to determine whether the time numbers in the JSON are in UTC or in the timezone given in the "TimeZone" field.  If
        // Local, change to DateTimeKind.Local
        DateTime = new DateTime(0, DateTimeKind.Utc); 
    }

    public DateTime DateTime { get; set; }
    public int Number { get; set; } // That 3600 thing.  No idea what it's for.
    public string Destination { get; set; }
    public string TimeZone { get; set; }
    // Not all time zone offsets are integers: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9204:30
    public decimal GmtOffset { get; set; }
}

Next, the converter:

public class EntryConverter : JsonConverter
{
    public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
    {
        return typeof(Entry).IsAssignableFrom(objectType);
    }

    void SetField(Entry entry, int index, JValue value)
    {
        switch (index)
        {
            case 0:
                entry.DateTime = new DateTime((int)value, entry.DateTime.Month, entry.DateTime.Day, entry.DateTime.Hour, entry.DateTime.Minute, entry.DateTime.Second, entry.DateTime.Millisecond, entry.DateTime.Kind);
                break;
            case 1:
                entry.DateTime = new DateTime(entry.DateTime.Year, (int)value, entry.DateTime.Day, entry.DateTime.Hour, entry.DateTime.Minute, entry.DateTime.Second, entry.DateTime.Millisecond, entry.DateTime.Kind);
                break;
            case 2:
                entry.DateTime = new DateTime(entry.DateTime.Year, entry.DateTime.Month, (int)value, entry.DateTime.Hour, entry.DateTime.Minute, entry.DateTime.Second, entry.DateTime.Millisecond, entry.DateTime.Kind);
                break;
            case 3:
                entry.DateTime = new DateTime(entry.DateTime.Year, entry.DateTime.Month, entry.DateTime.Day, (int)value, entry.DateTime.Minute, entry.DateTime.Second, entry.DateTime.Millisecond, entry.DateTime.Kind);
                break;
            case 4:
                entry.DateTime = new DateTime(entry.DateTime.Year, entry.DateTime.Month, entry.DateTime.Day, entry.DateTime.Hour, (int)value, entry.DateTime.Second, entry.DateTime.Millisecond, entry.DateTime.Kind);
                break;
            case 5:
                entry.DateTime = new DateTime(entry.DateTime.Year, entry.DateTime.Month, entry.DateTime.Day, entry.DateTime.Hour, entry.DateTime.Minute, (int)value, entry.DateTime.Millisecond, entry.DateTime.Kind);
                break;
            case 6:
                entry.Number = (int)value;
                break;
            case 7:
                entry.Destination = (string)value;
                break;
            case 8:
                entry.TimeZone = (string)value;
                break; 
            case 9:
                entry.GmtOffset = (decimal)value;
                break;
            default:
                throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(index.ToString());
        }
    }

    public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        var array = JArray.Load(reader);
        if (array == null)
            return existingValue;
        var entry = (existingValue as Entry ?? new Entry());
        for (int i = 0; i < array.Count; i++)
        {
            SetField(entry, i, (JValue)array[i]);
        }
        return entry;
    }

    public override bool CanWrite { get { return false; } }

    public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

And then use it like:

        var root = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Dictionary<int, List<List<Entry>>>>(json);
        Debug.WriteLine(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(root, Formatting.Indented));

Here I compressed all the time information into a single DateTime for conciseness, though you might not want to do this. Also, it's unclear whether the time information is in UTC or in local time. If local then my use of DateTime.Kind is wrong.

You could extend the converter to serialize the fields in the same order if needed.

Answer 2

Here's somewhat loose implementation with JSON.NET.

First the definition classes. TimeSlotInfo holds info about DayOfMonth and timeslots available for that Day of month:

public class TimeSlotInfo
{
    public int DayOfMonth { get; set; }

    public List<TimeSlotRange> TimeSlots { get; set; }

    public TimeSlotInfo()
    {
        TimeSlots = new List<TimeSlotRange>();
    }
}

public class TimeSlotRange
{
    public TimeSlotItem Start { get; set; }

    public TimeSlotItem End { get; set; }
}

public class TimeSlotItem
{
    public int Year { get; set; }

    public int Month { get; set; }

    public int Day { get; set; }

    public int Hour { get; set; }

    public int Minute { get; set; }

    public int Second { get; set; }

    public int SecondsInHour { get; set; }

    public string TimezoneStr { get; set; }

    public string BST { get; set; }

    public int SomeNum { get; set; }

    public DateTime AsDateTime
    {
        get { return new DateTime(Year, Month, Day, Hour, Minute, Second); }
    }

    public static TimeSlotItem CreateFromJTokenList(List<JToken> tokenList)
    {
        try
        {
            var result = new TimeSlotItem
            {
                Year = tokenList[0].Value<int>(),
                Month = tokenList[1].Value<int>(),
                Day = tokenList[2].Value<int>(),
                Hour = tokenList[3].Value<int>(),
                Minute = tokenList[4].Value<int>(),
                Second = tokenList[5].Value<int>(),
                SecondsInHour = tokenList[6].Value<int>(),
                TimezoneStr = tokenList[7].Value<string>(),
                BST = tokenList[8].Value<string>(),
                SomeNum = tokenList[9].Value<int>()
            };

            return result;
        }
        catch (Exception)
        {
            return null;
        }
    }
}

And then you need a parser to fill those objects:

var timeSlotInfoList = new List<TimeSlotInfo>();

var jsonVal = System.IO.File.ReadAllText(@"C:\test.json"); // Somehow get JSON string into jsonVal. Not neccessarily from file.
var obj = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(jsonVal) as JObject;
if (obj != null)
{
    var jobj = obj.AsQueryable();
    foreach (JProperty item in jobj)
    {
        try
        {
            var dayOfMonth = Convert.ToInt32(item.Name);

            var timeSlotInfo = new TimeSlotInfo
            {
                DayOfMonth = dayOfMonth
            };
            timeSlotInfoList.Add(timeSlotInfo);

            var timeSlots = item.Value.ToList();
            foreach (var timeSlotPair in timeSlots)
            {
                var timeSlotPairList = timeSlotPair.ToList();
                if (timeSlotPairList.Count != 2)
                    continue;

                var slotItemStart = TimeSlotItem.CreateFromJTokenList(timeSlotPairList[0].ToList());
                var slotItemEnd = TimeSlotItem.CreateFromJTokenList(timeSlotPairList[0].ToList());

                if (slotItemStart != null && slotItemEnd != null)
                {
                    timeSlotInfo.TimeSlots.Add(new TimeSlotRange
                    {
                        Start = slotItemStart,
                        End = slotItemEnd,
                    });
                }
            }

        }
        catch (Exception)
        {
        }
    }
}

At the end timeSlotInfoList contains list of all Days of months and its TimeSlots (with ranges from Start to End).

This code might need some more tweaking regarding exceptions, validation, etc, but this is some basic idea about parsing such a thing. If I've made any mistake I'd appreciate some comment about it. Anyway, hope it helps.