如何使用python按顺序生成20个唯一的随机数？

Question

刚开始学编程，一章又一章，遇到问题。最大的问题之一是遇到python生成随机数的问题。”生成20个随机唯一数，按顺序排序按升序或降序“。我已经研究过我该怎么做，但我现在很困惑，想放弃。谁能给我一个关于如何做到这一点的例子并对此进行解释。

Answer 1

>>> import random
>>> var = random.sample(range(1, 10000), 20)
>>> var
[4691, 1789, 9473, 4042, 8423, 5021, 2627, 2739, 6337, 4963, 5772, 9180, 2788, 1197, 1276, 3393, 7748, 9448, 3618, 1835]
>>> var.sort()
>>> var
[1197, 1276, 1789, 1835, 2627, 2739, 2788, 3393, 3618, 4042, 4691, 4963, 5021, 5772, 6337, 7748, 8423, 9180, 9448, 9473]

First you generate 20 numbers from given range and then just simple sorting it with sort()

Answer 2

You can use random module:

>>> from random import random
>>> lst = sorted([random() for x in range(20)])

Response:

[0.023779304268199186, 0.09302269288440945, 0.09832361922809707, 0.25242017515656756, 0.3506703186883351, 0.35105790921933866, 0.36493338390569785, 0.4758485640689768, 0.5224413002068954, 0.5794797893890528, 0.5826667916581931, 0.6050065111356167, 0.6283016356471698, 0.6709347774971688, 0.680474965216515, 0.6871898214051998, 0.7105349504105246, 0.7362770892874505, 0.8778691065354278, 0.8980497474361055]

Or, if you want to be sure that there is no duplicate:

from random import randint
a_set = set()
while True:
    a_set.add(randint(0, 1000))
    if len(a_set)==20:
        break
lst = sorted(list(a_set))
print(lst)

Result:

[6, 94, 132, 258, 370, 389, 407, 462, 468, 528, 637, 640, 677, 692, 704, 872, 875, 883, 889, 913, 999]

Answer 3

Try the following code:

import random
startValue = 5
endValue = 150
rangeOfNumbers = xrange(startValue, (endValue + 1))
count = 10
randomNumList = random.sample(rangeOfNumbers, count)
print "Unsorted list of random numbers", randomNumList
randomNumList.sort()
print "Sorted list of random numbers", randomNumList

You will get the following output:

Unsorted list of random numbers [131, 138, 137, 22, 23, 69, 21, 66, 12, 83]
Sorted list of random numbers [12, 21, 22, 23, 66, 69, 83, 131, 137, 138]

Answer 4

import random


def make_list_distinct(_l, wanted_lenght=20):
    current_list = list(set(_l))
    _ = 20 - len(current_list)
    if _ > 0:
        current_list = current_list + [random.randint(1, 2000) for i in range(_)]
        make_list_distinct(_l = current_list)
    else:
        final_list = sorted(current_list)
        print(final_list)

if __name__ == '__main__':

    #a = [random.randint(1, 2000) for i in range(20)]
    a = [1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2]
    make_list_distinct(a)