如何枚举Windows 8和10中已安装的StoreApps及其ID

Question

What I want to get is the AppUserModelId of all installed StoreApp applications, so that I can pass it to IApplicationActivationManager->ActivateApplication .

In Windows 8 it was stored in the Registry, but in Windows 10 it is not anymore.

There are a lot of questions about this in internet but even after days of searching I could not find a satisfying solution.

What I have so far is the following:

1. I create an instance of IPackageManager ,
2. I call FindPackagesByUserSecurityId() with the SID of the current user,
3. I iterate through the returned collection
4. I get an IPackage interface
5. From that I get an IPackageId interface,
6. Then I call IPackageId->get_FamilyName()

With that I have for example on Windows 10 for the Windows Calculator the string " Microsoft.WindowsCalculator_8wekyb3d8bbwe ".

When I append to this string an " !App " I have the complete AppUserModelId to start the Windows Calculator: " Microsoft.WindowsCalculator_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App "

But not all applications use an " !App " behind the FamilyName. For example Spartan uses the AppUserModelId " Microsoft.Windows.Spartan_cw5n1h2txyewy!Microsoft.Spartan.Spartan " which does not end with " !App ". And when I replace " !Microsoft.Spartan.Spartan " with " !App " it will not start -> "This app does not support the contract specified".

So my question is where do I get the last missing part from?

I found a PowerShell code in internet ( http://poshcode.org/5702 ) that seems to do something very similar:

Get-AppXPackage $PackageName -pv Package |
    Get-AppxPackageManifest | % {
        foreach($Application in $_.Package.Applications.Application) {
            if($Application.Id -like $AppId) {
                if($Protocol -and !($Application.Extensions.Extension.Protocol.Name | ? { ($_ + "://") -match (($Protocol -replace '\*','.*') + "(://)?") })) {
                    continue
                }

                [PSCustomObject]@{
                    # Notice the secret magic property:
                    PSTypeName = "Microsoft.Windows.Appx.Application"
                    AppUserModelId = $Package.PackageFamilyName + "!" + $Application.Id
                }
            }
        }
    }

I really don't understand this cryptic PowerShell stuff, but one line seems interesting to me:

foreach($Application in $_.Package.Applications.Application)

This seems to enumerate Applications in a Package.

A comment in the same PowerShell code says:

# The full AppUserModelId is composed of the package name, 
the publisher id, and the app id, such as
Microsoft.ZuneMusic_8wekyb3d8bbwe!Microsoft.ZuneMusic

so what is missing is the $Application.Id .

If I could get an IAppInfo interface anyhow I could call IAppInfo->get_Id() and I would be ready.

But I don't know how to get this from an IPackage in C++.

Answer 1

Incredible that nobody has an idea! This shows how Microsoft makes us life hard. Such a universal task like enumerating the installed StoreApps with their AppUserModelId requires a cientific research department.

I finally came to a solution that works perfectly on Windows 8 and Windows 10. But a lot of code is required.

It seems that Windows does not hold the Application ID's in memory and there is no API to determine them directly. I studied all header files in the Windows 10 SDK and could not find a corresponding interface useful for that task.

But I found out how to get them. I continue after the 6 steps in my question:

7. call IPackage->get_InstalledLocation() which returns an IStorageFolder .
8. QueryInterface for IStorageItem
9. call IStorageItem->get_Path()

Now you have the path were the App is installed. Windows 10 uses two base folders:

• C:\\Program Files\\WindowsApps
• C:\\Windows\\SystemApps

and several others like

• C:\\Windows\\vpnplugins
• C:\\Windows\\devicesflow
• C:\\Windows\\MicracastView
• C:\\Windows\\PrintDialog
• C:\\Windows\\PrintDialog3D
• C:\\Windows\\WinStore

In the returned folder path you will find a file " AppxManifest.xml ". This file looks like:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Package xmlns=".....">
    ......
    ......
    <Applications>
        <Application Id="microsoft.windowslive.mail" Executable="HxMail.exe" EntryPoint="Executable">
        ......
        ......
        </Application>
        <Application Id="microsoft.windowslive.calendar" Executable="HxCalendarAppImm.exe" EntryPoint="Executable">
        ......
        ......
        </Application>
    </Applications>
</Package>

And voilà, there they are. This package has two application ID's: " microsoft.windowslive.mail " and " microsoft.windowslive.calendar ".

Then you take the package's FamilyName from step 6 append an "!" and append this ID and you are done.

This package can be started with IApplicationActivationManager->ActivateApplication() using one of the AppUserModelId's:

• " microsoft.windowscommunicationsapps_8wekyb3d8bbwe!microsoft.windowslive.calendar "
• " microsoft.windowscommunicationsapps_8wekyb3d8bbwe!microsoft.windowslive.mail "

Answer 2

Use PackageManager APIs to enumerate packages and GetPackageApplicationIds to enumerate applications in a package eg pseudo-code

FOREACH p IN PackageManager.FindPackagesForUserWithPackageTypes(null,
PackageType_Main|PackageType_Optional)
{
    PACKAGE_INFO_REFERENCE pir
    OpenPackageInfoByFullName(p.Id.FullName, 0, &pir)
    UINT32 n=0
    GetPackageApplicationIds(pir, &n, null, null)
    BYTE* buffer = new BYTE[n]
    UINT32 count=0
    GetPackageApplicationIds(pir, &n, buffer, &count)
    ClosePackageInfo(pir)
    PCWSTR * applicationUserModelIds = reinterpret_cast<PCWSTR*>(buffer);
    FOR (i=0; i<count; ++i)
    {
        PCWSTR applicationUserModelId = applicationUserModelIds[i]
    }
    delete [] buffer
}

See GetPackageApplicationIds() on MSDN for more details including working sample code https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dn270603(v=vs.85).aspx