[英]Slinky in VPython
The goal of the VPython code below is to model a slinky using 14 balls to represent the broken-down components of the slinky. 下面的VPython代码的目标是使用14个球来表示一个Slinky,以表示Slinky的细分组件。 But I am facing some problems with my code. 但是我的代码遇到了一些问题。 For instance, 例如,
R[i] = ball[i].pos - ball[i+1].pos
raises 加薪
'int' object has no attribute 'pos' 'int'对象没有属性'pos'
What is the meaning of the above error? 上述错误是什么意思?
This is my program: 这是我的程序:
from __future__ import print_function, division
from visual import *
ceiling = box(pos=(0,0,0), size=(0.15, 0.015, 0.15), color=color.green)
n = 14 #number of "coils" (ball objects)
m = 0.015 #mass of each ball; the mass of the slinky is therefore m*n
L = 0.1 #length of the entire slinky
d = L/n #a starting distance that is equal between each
k = 200 #spring constant of the bonds between the coils
t = 0
deltat = 0.002
g = -9.8
a = vector(0,g,0)
ball=[28]
F=[]
R=[]
#make 28 balls, each a distance "d" away from each other
for i in range(n):
ball = ball+[sphere(pos=vector(0,-i*d,0), radius = 0.005, color=color.white)]
#ball[i].p = vector(0,0,0)
for i in range(n-1):
F.append(vector(0,0,0))
R.append(vector(0,0,0))
#calculate the force on each ball and update its position as it falls
while t < 5:
rate(200)
for i in range (n-1):
R[i]=ball[i].pos-ball[i+1].pos
F[i]=200*(mag(R[i]) - d)*norm(R[i])
#r[i] = ball[i].pos - ball[i+1].pos
#F[i] = 200*((r[i].mag - d)*((r[i])/(r[i].mag)))
for i in range(n-1):
ball[i+1].p = ball[i+1].p + (F[i] - F[i+1] + (0.015*a))*deltat
ball[i+1].pos = ball[i+1].pos + ((ball[i+1].p)/0.015)*deltat
t = deltat + t
It looks like you've assigned an int
value to ball[i]
object. 好像您已经为ball[i]
对象分配了一个int
值。 With that in mind, the error message is pretty clear: an integer object doesn't have an attribute .pos
(which belongs to the sphere
class. 考虑到这一点,错误消息非常清楚:一个整数对象没有属性.pos
(属于sphere
类。
If you expect ball to be a list of sphere objects, you need to do something differently. 如果您希望球是球体对象的列表,则需要做一些不同的事情。 Currently you've initialized ball = [28]
, which is a list with a single element, integer value 28. 当前,您已初始化ball = [28]
,这是一个包含单个元素的列表 ,整数值为28。
So, where i
= 0, ball[i]
returns 28
, which obviously doesn't have any such attribute of a sphere. 因此,在i
= 0的情况下, ball[i]
返回28
,这显然不具有任何这样的球体属性。
This might do it: 这可以做到:
ball=[] ### initialize ball as an empty list
F=[]
R=[]
#make 28 balls, each a distance "d" away from each other
"""
You said you want only 14 balls, but the comment above says 28...
"""
for i in range(n):
ball.append(sphere(pos=vector(0,-i*d,0), radius = 0.005, color=color.white))
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