如何在创建函数时调用其自己的函数

Question

I have a function PublicGame which I'd like to be using similar to a class. When I create PublicGame I give it a bunch of methods by setting this.methodName = function. The only thing is that I want to call some of these methods when the PublicGame is created. Right now for instance I do this.judge = this.setJudge() , but I know this wont work where I have it because, setJudge isnt defined yet. Should I put this at the bottom of PublicGame? Is my design totally off?
Code:

'use strict';

// var GameSockets = require(‘GameSockets’);
var Games = {};
var id_counter = 0;
var minPlayers = 3;
var maxPlayers = 6;

function PublicGame (players) {
    this._id = id_counter++;
    this.players = players;
    this.gameSocket = new GameSockets.registerPlayers(this.players, this._id, this.playerDisconnects);

    this.judge = this.setJudge();

    this.killGame = function() {
        delete Games[this._id];
    };

    // When a player presses leave game
    this.playerExits = function(playerToRemove) {
        // Delete player from players array
        this.players.splice(this.players.indexOf(playerToRemove),1);

        // If less than min players
        if (this.players.length < minPlayers) this.killGame();

        // If less than max players
        if (this.players.length < maxPlayers) {
                this.needsPlayers = true;
        }

       gameSockets.kickPlayer(playerToRemove);
    };

    // When a player disconnects without warning, e.g. closes window
    this.playerDisconnects = function(playerToRemove) {
        // Delete player from players array
        this.players.splice(this.players.indexOf(playerToRemove),1);

        // If less than min players
        if (this.players.length < minPlayers) this.killGame();

        // If less than max players
        if (this.players.length < maxPlayers) {
                this.needsPlayers = true;
        }
    };

    this.selectJudges = function() {
        this.judge = this.players.pop();
        this.players = this.players.unshift(this.judge);
    };

    this.setWinner = function(winner) {
        this.winner = winner;
    };



    Games[this._id] = this;
}

Answer 1

If you define your functions on the prototype than you do not need to "wait" for the functions to be defined because the instance will already have them when the constructor's code is called

function PublicGame (players) {
  //...
  this.judge = this.setJudge();
}

PublicGame.prototype.killGame = function(){
  //...
};

PublicGame.prototype.playerExits = function(playerToRemove){
  //...
};

PublicGame.prototype.setJudge = function(){
  //do whatever
  return whatever;
};

So unless your functions need to access some "private" variable (ie defined within the constructor, not a global variable), or other reason requiring it, define it on the prototype instead of defining it in the constructor and it will be ready to use.

Answer 2

You have to use javascript prototype !

Read the comments in the code sample.

 /* * utils functions * * dont take care about that **/ var el = document.getElementById('dbg'); var jj = function(val,sep){return JSON.stringify(val , null , sep || '')} var log = function(val){el.innerHTML+='<div><pre>'+val+'</pre></div>'}; var counterId = 0; /************************************************************************/ // You have to use prototype // here an example of what you can achieve // we create a Player 'class' var Player = function( name ){ this.id = counterId ++; //<-- an attribute this.name = name; //<-- an attribute this.setLevel(5);//<-- a method called at 'instanciation' return this; }; // a method available at instanciation time Player.prototype.setLevel = function(level){ this.level = level; return this; }; // we create a new Player named Toto var Toto = new Player('Toto'); log('Toto = ' + jj(Toto));//<-- utility function just to log // we create a new Player named Jane var Jane = new Player('Jane'); log('Jane = ' + jj(Jane)); //<-- utility function just to log // we change the Level of Jane Jane.setLevel(12); log('Jane.setLevel(12)');//<-- utility function just to log log('Jane = ' + jj(Jane));//<-- utility function just to log 

 <div id='dbg'></div>