[英]Python - reading text file into dictionary
I have a huge list of terms that I want to pull from a text file and get them grouped into one of the following groups: Animal, Art, Buildings, Vehicle, Person, People, Food, Glass, Bottle, Signage, Slogan, DJ, Party. 我有很多要从文本文件中提取的术语列表,并将它们分为以下组之一:动物,艺术,建筑物,车辆,人,人,食品,玻璃,瓶,标牌,标语,DJ , 派对。 I currently have four words in the tester2 file:
我目前在tester2文件中有四个词:
plate pizza fearns mixer 盘比萨担心搅拌机
Here's my code: 这是我的代码:
keyword_dictionary = {
'Animal' : ['animal', 'dog', 'cat'],
'Art' : ['art', 'sculpture', 'fearns'],
'Buildings' : ['building', 'architecture', 'gothic', 'skyscraper'],
'Vehicle' : ['car','formula','f-1','f1','f 1','f one','f-one','moped','mo ped','mo-ped','scooter'],
'Person' : ['person','dress','shirt','woman','man','attractive','adult','smiling','sleeveless','halter','spectacles','button','bodycon'],
'People' : ['people','women','men','attractive','adults','smiling','group','two','three','four','five','six','seven','eight','nine','ten','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','10'],
'Food' : ['food','plate','chicken','steak','pizza','pasta','meal','asian','beef','cake','candy','food pyramid','spaghetti','curry','lamb','sushi','meatballs','biscuit','apples','meat','mushroom','jelly', 'sorbet','nacho','burrito','taco','cheese'],
'Glass' : ['glass','drink','container','glasses','cup'],
'Bottle' : ['bottle','drink'],
'Signage' : ['sign','martini','ad','advert','card','bottles','logo','mat','chalkboard','blackboard'],
'Slogan' : ['Luck is overrated'],
'DJ' : ['dj','disc','jockey','mixer','instrument','turntable'],
'Party' : ['party']
}
y = 0
while (y < 1):
try:
def search(keywords, searchFor):
for item in keywords:
for terms in keywords[item]:
if searchFor in terms:
print item
with open("C:/Users/USERNAME/Desktop/tester2.txt") as termsdesk:
for line in termsdesk:
this = search (keyword_dictionary, line)
this2 = str(this)
#print this2
#print item
except KeyError:
break
y = y+1
My results should look something like this: 我的结果应如下所示:
Food
Food
Art
DJ
But instead I get this: 但是我得到了这个:
DJ
I imagine it's because there's something wrong with my loop. 我想这是因为我的循环有问题。 Does anyone know what I need to change?
有人知道我需要更改吗? I've tried moving the "while (y<1)" around but I haven't been able to get the results I want.
我已经尝试过移动“ while(y <1)”,但是却无法获得想要的结果。
Remove leading / trailing whitespace from the search term. 从搜索词中删除前导/尾随空格。 The following works as expected:
预期的工作如下:
def search(keywords, searchFor):
for key, words in keywords.iteritems():
if searchFor in words:
print key
with open("tester2.txt") as termsdesk:
for line in termsdesk:
this = search(keyword_dictionary, line.strip())
this2 = str(this)
$ cat tester2.txt
plate
pizza
fearns
mixer
$ python test4.py
Food
Food
Art
DJ
Also, here is a performance improvement you could consider if you expect the number of search terms to be large relative to the size of the dictionary: you could build a reverse mapping from any word to its category. 另外,如果您希望搜索项的数量相对于字典的大小而言较大,则可以考虑提高性能:您可以建立从任何单词到其类别的反向映射 。 For example transform:
例如转换:
keyword_dict = {'DJ': ['mixer', 'speakers']}
into 成
category_dict = {
'mixer': 'DJ',
'speakers':'DJ'
}
This reverse mapping could be built once at the start and then reused for every query, this way turning your search function into just category_dict[term]
. 可以在开始时构建一次反向映射,然后将其用于每个查询,这样您的搜索功能就变成了
category_dict[term]
。 This way the look-up will be faster, amortised O(1) complexity, and easier to write. 这样,查找将更快,摊销O(1)复杂度并且更容易编写。
The following approach would make more sense: 以下方法更有意义:
keyword_dictionary = {
'Animal' : ['animal', 'dog', 'cat'],
'Art' : ['art', 'sculpture', 'fearns'],
'Buildings' : ['building', 'architecture', 'gothic', 'skyscraper'],
'Vehicle' : ['car','formula','f-1','f1','f 1','f one','f-one','moped','mo ped','mo-ped','scooter'],
'Person' : ['person','dress','shirt','woman','man','attractive','adult','smiling','sleeveless','halter','spectacles','button','bodycon'],
'People' : ['people','women','men','attractive','adults','smiling','group','two','three','four','five','six','seven','eight','nine','ten','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','10'],
'Food' : ['food','plate','chicken','steak','pizza','pasta','meal','asian','beef','cake','candy','food pyramid','spaghetti','curry','lamb','sushi','meatballs','biscuit','apples','meat','mushroom','jelly', 'sorbet','nacho','burrito','taco','cheese'],
'Glass' : ['glass','drink','container','glasses','cup'],
'Bottle' : ['bottle','drink'],
'Signage' : ['sign','martini','ad','advert','card','bottles','logo','mat','chalkboard','blackboard'],
'Slogan' : ['Luck is overrated'],
'DJ' : ['dj','disc','jockey','mixer','instrument','turntable'],
'Party' : ['party']
}
terms = {v2 : k for k, v in keyword_dictionary.items() for v2 in v}
with open('input.txt', 'r') as f_input:
for word in f_input:
print terms[word.strip()]
This first takes your existing dictionary and make a reverse of it to make it easier to lookup each word. 首先,您将使用现有字典并对其进行反转,以使其更容易查找每个单词。
This will give you the following output: 这将为您提供以下输出:
Food
Food
Art
DJ
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