python处理目录中带有空格的文件名

Question

I have a directory with files that have whitespace in their names, I have a python script that loads these files and runs the tail -n1 command on them, but since there is a whitespace in the name, it fails. for eg.

I have a dirctory with the following file

data from_10_13_2014 09_00_45.json

and my script contains the following line line = os.popen("tail -n1 %s" % files).read()

as of now I get the following error

tail: cannot open ‘/home/dataserver/Development/Test/data’ for reading: No such file or directory
tail: cannot open ‘from_10_13_2014’ for reading: No such file or directory
tail: cannot open ‘09_00_45.json’ for reading: No such file or directory

The workaround I have now is replacing whitespace with _ is there any way I can do it without renaming the files?

Answer 1

Try "tail -n1 %r" instead, it will use the string representation of the string, ie tail -n1 "data from_10_13_2014 09_00_45.json" .

Or even better, switch to using the subprocess module. Here you can for example use the subprocess.check_output function which escapes arguments automatically:

tail_line = subprocess.check_output(["tail", "-n1", files])

I'd recommend you to not use white space at all in file names, it always end up breaking scripts in the end. Maybe you can write a second script that normalizes your file names?

Answer 2

Replace with \\ in your files . So a backslash + space.

Answer 3

The problem is that you're depending on popen to parse the command line for you, and of course, it uses whitespace to do some of the parsing. A better solution is to build up a list of individual arguments so that no command line parsing has to happen.

The easiest way to do that is to use subprocess.check_output :

line = subprocess.check_output(["tail", "-n1", "/tmp/junk.py"])