matplotlib 3d轴刻度，标签和LaTeX

Question

I am running this sample script, with the following modifications:

import matplotlib as mpl
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

mpl.rcParams['legend.fontsize'] = 10

fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
theta = np.linspace(-4 * np.pi, 4 * np.pi, 100)
z = np.linspace(-2, 2, 100)
r = z**2 + 1
x = r * np.sin(theta)
y = r * np.cos(theta)
ax.plot(x, y, z, label='parametric curve')
ax.legend()

ax.set_xlabel('$X$', fontsize=20, rotation=150)
ax.set_ylabel('$Y$')
ax.set_zlabel(r'$\gamma$', fontsize=30, rotation=60)
ax.yaxis._axinfo['label']['space_factor'] = 3.0

plt.show()

1. How do I adjust the axis ticks to that of my choosing? Ie, how would I get the z-axis to only label 2, 0, and -2, and in the font size that I want? I know how to do this in 2D but not 3D.

2. The script above produces the following:

Why is the x-axis label distorted, which I wanted to do with this script, but not the z-axis label (gamma)? This does not make sense. I need this axis labeled in the Greek letter. How do I fix this?

Answer 1

How do I adjust the axis ticks to that of my choosing? Ie, how would I get the z-axis to only label 2, 0, and -2, and in the font size that I want? I know how to do this in 2D but not 3D.

You have to change properties of zticks .

Why is the x-axis label distorted, which I wanted to do with this script, but not the z-axis label (gamma)? This does not make sense. I need this axis labeled in the Greek letter. How do I fix this?

You have to disable autorotation for z axis labels. Look at the code below:

import matplotlib as mpl
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

mpl.rcParams['legend.fontsize'] = 10

fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
theta = np.linspace(-4 * np.pi, 4 * np.pi, 100)
z = np.linspace(-2, 2, 100)
r = z**2 + 1
x = r * np.sin(theta)
y = r * np.cos(theta)
ax.plot(x, y, z, label='parametric curve')
ax.legend()

ax.set_xlabel('$X$', fontsize=20)
ax.set_ylabel('$Y$')
ax.yaxis._axinfo['label']['space_factor'] = 3.0
# set z ticks and labels
ax.set_zticks([-2, 0, 2])
# change fontsize
for t in ax.zaxis.get_major_ticks(): t.label.set_fontsize(10)
# disable auto rotation
ax.zaxis.set_rotate_label(False) 
ax.set_zlabel('$\gamma$', fontsize=30, rotation = 0)
plt.show()

Answer 2

for循环不是必需的，可以改变你可以使用的刻度的大小：

    ax.zaxis.set_tick_params(labelsize=10)