PowerShell中的含义是什么？

Question

I've come across this today:

$tests = (Get-ChildItem . -Recurse -Name bin |% { Get-ChildItem $_ -Recurse -Filter *.Unit.Tests.dll } |% {  $($_.FullName) })
Write-Host ------------- TESTS -----------
Write-Host $tests
Write-Host -------------------------------
.\tools\xunit\xunit.console.exe $tests -xml test-report.unit.xml

I can't get my head around what '|%' is doing there. Can anyone explain what it used for please?

Answer 1

% is an alias for the ForEach-Object cmdlet .

An alias is just another name by which you can reference a cmdlet or function. For example dir , ls , and gci are all aliases for Get-ChildItem .

ForEach-Object executes a [ScriptBlock] for each item passed to it through the pipeline, so piping the results of one cmdlet into ForEach-Object lets you run some code against each individual item.

In your example, Get-ChildItem is finding all of the bin s in a certain directory tree, and then for each one that is found , Get-ChildItem is being used to find all of the files underneath that match *.Unit.Tests.dll , and then for each one of those , the full name is returned to the pipeline (which is getting assigned to the $tests variable).

Answer 2

Adding to @briantist's answer:

The | is the pipeline operator. From the docs :

Each pipeline operator sends the results of the preceding command to the next command.

To demonstrate:

Get-ChildItem bin | % { Get-ChildItem $_  }

could be rewritten as:

Get-ChildItem bin | Foreach-Object { Get-ChildItem $_ }

or without using the pipeline but a foreach loop instead (which is different from the foreach command !):

foreach ($item in (Get-ChildItem bin)) { Get-ChildItem $item }