我应该为具有页面对象模式的每个页面使用不同的类吗？

Question

I want to make automation for my email address (gmail) and i implemented Page Object Pattern using this tutorial.

So i wonder if i need to create different class for every page for example for Login page , Inbox page etc.

Or maybe its better to use one class GmailMainPage and from this class implement all the actions that user can do ?

Answer 1

It is better to create one class per page, which also happens to be how the pattern is normally implemented.

If you use only one class, it will become very big very quickly. You will also have methods on different pages with similar names which will get confusing and force you to suffix all methods on the single page object with the "real" page name (ie: SaveUserPreferences, SaveEmailForwarding preferences, etc.).

I create one class per page unless:

1. The page is really big and I can split it into distinct logical units.
2. One part of the page is repeated on many pages and will be reused across the test suite.

Answer 2

But as mentioned above, there is not necessarily a one-to-one mapping between a complete HTML page and a page object. A page object should represent a meaningful contextual part of the page.

Really you should almost not think about page objects as specific pages, but shared functionality for a specific part of your application. The goal is to have the least amount of reused code as possible. One of the ways you can do that is by turning each page into its own class. That may work for normal websites, but things like gmail you can further break down features into specific classes.

For instance, Starred/Important/Sent Mail all those pages share a lot of the same functionality. If you go by one page per class rule then each of those would have its own class. However, in reality those three pages share almost everything except the content in the list of emails. So you don't end up coding everything 3 times over, the better option is instead extend something other then pageobject. You could have an emailListObject that has all the functions of those three pages, then emailListObject could extend PageObject. The only difference in each of those three pages may only be which of them gets highlighted in red when clicked.