Mysql左连接Group By和Between

Question

I am having trouble to create a select query that will retrieve all users id that isn't in the games and availability between dates.

Example: Retrieve all users that are not between dates 2017-08-10 and 2017-08-12 .

Get [3 , 4, 5]

Users

| Id | Name     |
| 1  | Jonh     |
| 2  | Mark     |
| 3  | Caroline |
| 4  | David    |
| 5  | George   |

Games

| Id | User_Id  | Start_Date | End_Date   |
| 1  | 1        | 2017-06-01 | 2017-06-01 |
| 2  | 1        | 2017-08-12 | 2017-08-13 |
| 3  | 4        | 2017-08-13 | 2017-08-14 |

Availability

| Id | User_Id | Start_Date | End_Date   |
| 1  | 1       | 2017-05-01 | 2017-05-25 |
| 1  | 2       | 2017-08-10 | 2017-08-17 |
| 1  | 3       | 2017-06-20 | 2017-07-10 |

I am using Laravel 5.4 but I'll glad if the answer is on Raw or Eloquent.

Answer 1

In SQL, you can use NOT EXISTS :

select *
from users u
where not exists (
        select 1
        from games g
        where u.id = g.user_id
            and (
                g.start_date between '2017-08-10' and '2017-08-12'
                or g.end_date between '2017-08-10' and '2017-08-12'
                )
        )
    and not exists (
        select 1
        from Availability a
        where u.id = a.user_id
            and (
                a.start_date between '2017-08-10' and '2017-08-12'
                or a.end_date between '2017-08-10' and '2017-08-12'
                )
        );

Demo

Another way using LEFT JOIN would be:

select distinct u.*
from t_users u
left join games g on u.id = g.user_id
    and (g.start_date between '2017-08-10' and '2017-08-12'
        or g.end_date between '2017-08-10' and '2017-08-12')
left join availability a on u.id = a.user_id
    and (a.start_date between '2017-08-10' and '2017-08-12'
        or a.end_date between '2017-08-10' and '2017-08-12')
where g.user_id is null and a.user_id is null;

Demo

Answer 2

I dont like using human readable dates because of MMDDYYYY vs DDMMYYYY, but rather use UNIXTIME dates, so i will pseudocode accordingly

SELECT * 
FROM Users
LEFT JOIN Games ON Users.Id = Games.Id_User
LEFT JOIN Availability ON Users.Id = Availability.Id_User
WHERE ISNULL(Games.Id) AND ((Start_Date > EndDateUnixtime OR End_Date < StartDateUnixtime)  OR ISNULL(Start_Date) OR ISNULL(End_Date))

You can use this logic to convert DMMYYYY dates to unixtime in case you keep on recording human readable dates.

unix_timestamp(str_to_date('30/05/2011','%d/%m/%Y'))