ES6可以安全地使用静态类变量作为Map的关键吗？

Question

In babel-preset-stage-0 , we can declare static class variable as follow:

class Constants {
  static COUNTRY = Object.freeze({
      NAME: 'Germany',
      DESCRIPTION: 'placeholder',
  })
}

Is it safe to use Constants.COUNTRY as the key for a ES6 Map or Set ?

eg.

const map = new Map();
map.add(Constants.COUNTRY, something);

Is it guaranteed that map.get(Constants.COUNTRY) will always return something ?

Is the performance as good as using strings as key? Is it safe to use Constants.COUNTRY as eventKey (bootstrap component attribute) for NavItem too?

Is it also more appropriate to declare it as a variable instead of a class? ie

const Constants = Object.freeze({
  COUNTRY: Object.freeze({
      NAME: 'Germany',
      DESCRIPTION: 'placeholder',
  })
}) 

Answer 1

Is it guaranteed that map.get(Constants.COUNTRY) will always return something?

For map.get(Constants.COUNTRY) to always return your original value, a couple things have to be true.

1. You have to make sure that Constants.COUNTRY can never be assigned a different value either because the .COUNTRY property was reassigned or because the Constants object was replaced with something else that had a different .COUNTRY property value.

2. You have to make sure that nobody can ever remove that key from the map object.

If you can assure these two things, then yes map.get(Constants.COUNTRY) will always return your desired value. But, if either of those are not necessarily true, then you are not assured of always getting your value from the map.

You can assure that Constants.COUNTRY cannot be changed by freezing the Constants object or by setting that property to be configurable to it cannot be removed or written to. To assure that the Constants object cannot be replaced, it would be best for it to be const as in your second code block.

I don't know of a way to assure that nobody can call map.delete(Constants.COUNTRY) except by keeping the map object private so foreign code cannot get to it.

If you had any reason to want to prevent enumeration of the keys in the map (to make it harder for someone to discover a key perhaps), then you could use a WeakMap instead of a Map .

Is the performance as good as using strings as key?

You'd have to test a specific Javascript implementation to be sure about performance. There is no required implementation reason that one or the other should be faster - it will just depend upon the internals of the implementation.

I created a jsPerf test case to compare string lookups to object lookups. Feedback is welcome on improving how this is tested/measured, but using the current scheme where I create 10,000 string keys and 10,000 object keys in a map and then compare accessing 1000 of each, I find varying results.

Chrome is ~20% slower to access the object keys.
Firefox is ~20% slower to access the string keys.
Edge is ~27% slower to access the string keys.

Is it also more appropriate to declare it as a variable instead of a class?

As discussed, your second const form has the advantage that Constants cannot be reassigned.

Answer 2

You can use WeakMap to COUNTRY as key, and something as value. A variable declared with const cannot be deleted. Along with you use of Object.freeze() , wm.get(COUNTRY) should always return something

  const wm = new WeakMap; const COUNTRY = Object.freeze({ NAME: 'Germany', DESCRIPTION: 'placeholder', }); wm.set(COUNTRY, "something"); // error when "use strict" delete wm; delete COUNTRY; COUNTRY.NAME = 123; console.log( wm.get(COUNTRY) ); console.log( COUNTRY ); console.log( wm ); 

---

If requirement is for a variable that cannot be deleted or changed you can use const see Is it possible to delete a variable declared using const? and JSON

 "use strict"; // `Constants` cannot be changed or deleted const Constants = `{ "NAME": "Germany", "DESCRIPTION": "placeholder" }`; console.log( JSON.parse(Constants) ); // delete Constants; /* Error: { "message": "Uncaught SyntaxError: Delete of an unqualified identifier in strict mode." } */