如何在nodejs expressjs中将ipv6地址转换为ipv4地址？

Question

的的NodeJS Request对象提供了这种方法req.connection.remoteAddres获取客户端的IP地址，但它给人以IPv6格式的地址，我怎么把它转换成IPv4格式哪个更可读？

Answer 1

If the IPv6 address starts with ::ffff: then the client is communicating with IPv4 to an IPv6 application. In that case the remainder of the address is the IPv4 address. It might we written as ::ffff:10.11.12.13 , in which case you can easily see the IPv4 address. It can also be written as ::ffff:0a0b:0c0d or ::ffff:a0b:c0d , in which case you need to convert the last part of the address from hexadecimal to decimal.

If the IPv6 address doesn't start with ::ffff: then the client is really communicating with IPv6, and no conversion is possible because IPv4 and IPv6 are different protocols with different addresses. Systems can have only IPv4, only IPv6 or a combination of both. There is no way for you to know that by looking at the address.

Answer 2

The problem is because by default, NodeJS listens on IPv6 so it returns IPv6 addresses. If you tell it to only listen on IPv4 then you will only get IPv4 addresses, and they will be in the format you expect (no ::ffff: prefix).

How you do this depends on the library you're using, but typically where you specify the port to listen on, you can also specify a host/interface/IP and here you'd put in 0.0.0.0 to say "IPv4 only", as opposed the default :: which means IPv6+IPv4.

For example with the NodeJS socket library:

server.listen({
    port: 80,
    host: '0.0.0.0',
})

For WebSockets:

...listen(80, '0.0.0.0');