张量流的线性回归

Question

import tensorflow as tf

M = tf.Variable([0.01],tf.float32)
b = tf.Variable([1.0],tf.float32)

#inputs and outputs

x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32)
y = tf.placeholder(tf.float32) # actual value of y which we already know

Yp = M * x + b # y predicted value

#loss

squareR = tf.square(Yp - y)
loss =  tf.reduce_sum(squareR)

#optimize

optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.01)
train = optimizer.minimize(loss)

init = tf.global_variables_initializer()
sess = tf.Session()
sess.run(init)

for i in range(1000):
    sess.run(train,{x:[1,2,3,4,5],y:[1.9,2.4,3.7,4.9,5.1]})
print(sess.run([M,b]))

output

[array([ 0.88999945], dtype=float32), array([ 0.93000191], dtype=float32)]

Problem: when I am changing the values of x and y to

x:[100,200,300,400,500],y:[19,24,37,49,51]

then the output is:

[array([ nan], dtype=float32), array([ nan], dtype=float32)]

please help me out to get slope and y-intercept of linear model.

Answer 1

Adding some print statements to your training loop, we can see what's going on during training:

for i in range(1000):
    _, mm, bb = sess.run([train,M,b],{x:[100,200,300,400,500],y:[19,24,37,49,51]})
    print(mm, bb)
    if np.isnan(mm):
      break
print(sess.run([M,b]))

The output:

[ 1118.01000977] [ 4.19999981]
[-12295860.] [-33532.921875]
[  1.35243170e+11] [  3.68845632e+08]
[ -1.48755065e+15] [ -4.05696309e+12]
[  1.63616896e+19] [  4.46228634e+16]
[ -1.79963571e+23] [ -4.90810521e+20]
[  1.97943407e+27] [  5.39846559e+24]
[ -2.17719537e+31] [ -5.93781625e+28]
[  2.39471499e+35] [  6.53105210e+32]
[-inf] [-inf]
[ nan] [ nan]

That output means your training is diverging. In this case, lowering the learning rate is one of the possible approaches to fix the problem.

Lowering the learning rate to 0.000001 works, these are the learned M and b after 1000 iterations:

[array([ 0.11159456], dtype=float32), array([ 1.01534212], dtype=float32)]