[英]Add different color markers by day of week to a Pandas time series plot
I made a time-series plot as below with customized x axis: 我使用自定义的x轴绘制了如下时序图:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.dates as mdates
df = pd.DataFrame({'points': np.random.randint(1,100, 61)},
index=pd.date_range(start='11-1-2017', end='12-31-2017', freq='D'))
df['dow'] = df.index.dayofweek
fig, ax = plt.subplots();
ax.plot_date(df.index, df.points, '-o')
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(mdates.WeekdayLocator(byweekday=(0), interval=1))
ax.xaxis.set_minor_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('%d\n%a'))
ax.xaxis.grid(True, which="minor")
ax.yaxis.grid()
ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(mdates.MonthLocator())
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('\n\n\n%b\n%Y'))
And the plot looked like this: 情节看起来像这样:
What I really wanted was to have the marker color different for each day of week (Mon, Tue...), so I modified the above code like this: 我真正想要的是使一周的每一天(星期一,星期二...)的标记颜色都不同,所以我修改了上面的代码,如下所示:
colors = dict(zip(df.dow.unique(), ['orange', 'yellow', 'green', 'blue', 'purple', 'black', 'red']))
ax.plot_date(df.index, df.points, '-o', color=df['dow'].apply(lambda x: colors[x]))
But it resulted in 但这导致
ValueError: Invalid RGBA argument ValueError:无效的RGBA参数
Appreciate it if anyone has a solution! 如果有人有解决方案,请感激!
The only way I have seen lines plotted with different color markers is by plotting the markers as a scatter plot and then plotting the line. 我看到用不同颜色标记绘制的线的唯一方法是将标记绘制为散点图,然后再绘制线。 In this situation I would plot the dates with the marker -
and then make a scatter plot over the top like so: 在这种情况下,我将用标记绘制日期-
然后在顶部绘制散点图,如下所示:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.dates as mdates
df = pd.DataFrame({'points': np.random.randint(1,100, 61)},
index=pd.date_range(start='11-1-2017', end='12-31-2017', freq='D'))
df['dow'] = df.index.dayofweek
colors = dict(zip(df.dow.unique(), ['orange', 'yellow', 'green', 'blue', 'purple', 'black', 'red']))
fig, ax = plt.subplots();
ax.plot_date(df.index, df.points, '-')
ax.scatter(df.index, df.points, color=df.dow.map(lambda x: colors[x]))
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(mdates.WeekdayLocator(byweekday=(0), interval=1))
ax.xaxis.set_minor_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('%d\n%a'))
ax.xaxis.grid(True, which="minor")
ax.yaxis.grid()
ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(mdates.MonthLocator())
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('\n\n\n%b\n%Y'))
Alternatively, you could create new line object via plot
with markers only (line style is empty) and cycle through your colors list. 另外,您可以通过仅使用标记的plot
来创建新的线对象(线条样式为空),然后在颜色列表中循环。 plot
applies a unique color to your line object hence one needs to create additional line objects or use scatter
where you can assign a color for each point created. plot
将独特的颜色应用于线对象,因此需要创建其他线对象或使用scatter
,您可以在其中为创建的每个点分配颜色。
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
# create a line plot first
ax.plot_date(df.index, df.points, '-')
# Desired color list
color_list = ['orange', 'yellow', 'green', 'blue', 'purple', 'black', 'red']
# create additional line object by showing only marker of different colors
for idc, d in enumerate(df.dow.unique()):
this_dow = df.loc[df.dow == d, 'points']
ax.plot_date(this_dow.index,this_dow, linestyle='', marker ='o', color=color_list[idc])
# axis esthetics
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(mdates.WeekdayLocator(byweekday=(0), interval=1))
ax.xaxis.set_minor_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('%d\n%a'))
ax.xaxis.grid(True, which="minor")
ax.yaxis.grid()
ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(mdates.MonthLocator())
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('\n\n\n%b\n%Y'))
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