[英]Add different color markers by day of week to a Pandas time series plot
我使用自定义的x轴绘制了如下时序图:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.dates as mdates
df = pd.DataFrame({'points': np.random.randint(1,100, 61)},
index=pd.date_range(start='11-1-2017', end='12-31-2017', freq='D'))
df['dow'] = df.index.dayofweek
fig, ax = plt.subplots();
ax.plot_date(df.index, df.points, '-o')
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(mdates.WeekdayLocator(byweekday=(0), interval=1))
ax.xaxis.set_minor_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('%d\n%a'))
ax.xaxis.grid(True, which="minor")
ax.yaxis.grid()
ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(mdates.MonthLocator())
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('\n\n\n%b\n%Y'))
情节看起来像这样:
我真正想要的是使一周的每一天(星期一,星期二...)的标记颜色都不同,所以我修改了上面的代码,如下所示:
colors = dict(zip(df.dow.unique(), ['orange', 'yellow', 'green', 'blue', 'purple', 'black', 'red']))
ax.plot_date(df.index, df.points, '-o', color=df['dow'].apply(lambda x: colors[x]))
但这导致
ValueError:无效的RGBA参数
如果有人有解决方案,请感激!
我看到用不同颜色标记绘制的线的唯一方法是将标记绘制为散点图,然后再绘制线。 在这种情况下,我将用标记绘制日期-
然后在顶部绘制散点图,如下所示:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.dates as mdates
df = pd.DataFrame({'points': np.random.randint(1,100, 61)},
index=pd.date_range(start='11-1-2017', end='12-31-2017', freq='D'))
df['dow'] = df.index.dayofweek
colors = dict(zip(df.dow.unique(), ['orange', 'yellow', 'green', 'blue', 'purple', 'black', 'red']))
fig, ax = plt.subplots();
ax.plot_date(df.index, df.points, '-')
ax.scatter(df.index, df.points, color=df.dow.map(lambda x: colors[x]))
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(mdates.WeekdayLocator(byweekday=(0), interval=1))
ax.xaxis.set_minor_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('%d\n%a'))
ax.xaxis.grid(True, which="minor")
ax.yaxis.grid()
ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(mdates.MonthLocator())
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('\n\n\n%b\n%Y'))
另外,您可以通过仅使用标记的plot
来创建新的线对象(线条样式为空),然后在颜色列表中循环。 plot
将独特的颜色应用于线对象,因此需要创建其他线对象或使用scatter
,您可以在其中为创建的每个点分配颜色。
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
# create a line plot first
ax.plot_date(df.index, df.points, '-')
# Desired color list
color_list = ['orange', 'yellow', 'green', 'blue', 'purple', 'black', 'red']
# create additional line object by showing only marker of different colors
for idc, d in enumerate(df.dow.unique()):
this_dow = df.loc[df.dow == d, 'points']
ax.plot_date(this_dow.index,this_dow, linestyle='', marker ='o', color=color_list[idc])
# axis esthetics
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(mdates.WeekdayLocator(byweekday=(0), interval=1))
ax.xaxis.set_minor_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('%d\n%a'))
ax.xaxis.grid(True, which="minor")
ax.yaxis.grid()
ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(mdates.MonthLocator())
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('\n\n\n%b\n%Y'))
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