Python __slots__不适用于某些类声明

Question

When I declare the class in python as below slots work

class CSStudent(object):
stream = 'cse'
__slots__ = ['name', 'roll']

def __init__(self, name, roll):
    self.name = name
    self.roll = roll

When I declare the class in python as below slots doesn't work

   class CSStudent:
stream = 'cse'
__slots__ = ['name', 'roll']

def __init__(self, name, roll):
    self.name = name
    self.roll = roll

Answer 1

Two things seem to have triggered your error:

First, the missing brackets from the class declaration.

Second, your indents were way out of line. Four spaces for each new block of code.

class CSStudent(object):
    stream = 'cse'
    __slots__ = ['name', 'roll']

    def __init__(self, name, roll):
        self.name = name
        self.roll = roll 

user247=CSStudent('user247',2018)

print user247.name,' | ',user247.roll

When you run this, works just fine:

$ chmod +x /tmp/slots_test.py 
$ /tmp/slots_test.py 
user247  |  2018

Answer 2

The __slots__ attribute only works in "new-style" classes (which are not really "new", they came out in Python 2.2 more than 15 years ago). In Python 2, you only get a new-style class if you inherit from object (or from some other new-style class). Inheritance is declared by putting one or more base classes in parentheses after the derived class's name in the class statement. So your second implementation of CSStudent is not a new-style class, since it does not inherit from anything. Thus __slots__ won't work (it will just be a weirdly named attribute).

The distinction between new-style and old-style classes only exists on Python 2. Python 3 has dropped old-style classes, so both of your class implementations would work the same in a Python 3 interpreter (it's no longer required to explicitly inherit from object ).