asp.net核心-在应用启动后创建类的实例

Question

I have some classes which should be instantiated after the app started. In my case, some controller can trigger an Event and I want EventPublisher to already have Subscribers by that moment.

class SomeEventHandler {
   public SomeEventHandler(EventPublisher publisher) {
      publisher.Subscribe(e => {}, SomeEventType);
   }
}

class SomeController : Controller {
   private EventPublisher _publisher;
   public SomeController(EventPublisher publisher) {
      _publisher = publisher;
   }
   [HttpGet]
   public SomeAction() {
      _publisher.Publish(SomeEventType);
   }
}

Is it possible to have an instance of SomeEventHandler by the time the Publish method is called?

Or maybe there are much better solutions?

Answer 1

Yes, use dependency injection and that will take care of getting you an instance in the controller constructor.

services.AddScoped<EventHandler, EventPublisher>();  or
services.AddTransient<EventHandler, EventPublisher>(); or 
services.AddSingleton<EventHandler, EventPublisher>();

More info about DI: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/fundamentals/dependency-injection?view=aspnetcore-2.0

Answer 2

Without taking the EventHandler as a direct dependency inside the controller or the EventPublisher , you cannot be sure that an instance is created when you call Publish and that there is a handler listening to your event.

So you will need to make sure that the handler is created somewhere . I would personally do this in the Startup's Configure method since it's very easy to inject dependencies there, and this way, an instance will be created right when the application starts:

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, EventHandler eventHandler)
{
    // you don’t actually need to do anything with the event handler here,
    // but you could also move the subscription out of the constructor and
    // into some explicit subscribe method
    //eventHandler.Subscribe();

    // …
    app.UseMvc();
    // …
}

Of course, this only makes sense when both the EventHandler and the EventPublisher are registered as singleton dependencies.