在R中为3个具有2个维度的变量绘制3D图表

Question

I have a dataset that I want to plot them in R. I know there are many packages such as ploty or some other 3D plots . My problem is that my dataset includes 5 different types, for example 5 different cars and I want to compare the speed and power of each of types in 5 different classes. So in total there are 10 columns (excluding the first column of classes) but I would like to have 5 charts, each one with 2 dimensions. It looks like below in which for each of a,b,c,d,e, the column with index 1 is speed and the column with index 2 is power and the chart plots for different classes; therefore, a1 is speed of a and a2 is power of 2. There are five classes and two variables for each of 5 types of cars:

The result after command dput is below so you can use data:

  structure(list(X = structure(1:5, .Label = c("class1", "class2", 
  "class3", "class4", "class5"), class = "factor"), a1 = c(489.4, 
  505.8, 525.8, 550.2, 576.6), a2 = c(197.8, 301, 389.8, 502, 571.2
  ), b1 = c(546.8, 552.6, 558.4, 566.4, 575), b2 = c(287.2, 305.8, 
  305.2, 334.4, 348.6), c1 = c(599.6, 611.4, 623.6, 658, 657.4), 
 c2 = c(318.8, 423.2, 510.8, 662.4, 656), d1 = c(616, 606.8, 
 600.2, 595.6, 595), d2 = c(242.4, 292.8, 329.2, 378, 397.2
  ), e1 = c(582.4, 580, 579, 579, 579), e2 = c(214, 255.4, 
 281.8, 303.8, 353.8)), .Names = c("X", "a1", "a2", "b1", 
  "b2", "c1", "c2", "d1", "d2", "e1", "e2"), class = "data.frame", row.names       
 = c(NA,-5L))

So I want one for example blue for a1, one blue for a2 (it can be a plane) and one grean for b1 and one green for b2, even bubble or other types might be useful. I think it would be nice to have a plane for 1 and 2 in y and z axis and classes in x axis. Class is a categorical variable. How can I format it and by what tools I can have what I need? PS: Actually, I have 5 groups and for each group, 2 charts. I want to combine them into 5 different 3D chart.

Answer 1

df <- data.frame(a1 = c(489.4,  505.8,  525.8,  550.2,  576.6),
                 a2 = c(197.8,  301,    389.8,  502,    571.2),
                 b1 = c(546.8,  552.6,  558.4,  566.4,  575),
                 b2 = c(287.2,  305.8,  305.2,  334.4,  348.6),
                 c1 = c(599.6,  611.4,  623.6,  658,    657.4),
                 c2 = c(318.8,  423.2,  510.8,  662.4,  656),
                 d1 = c(616,    606.8,  600.2,  595.6,  595),
                 d2 = c(242.4,  292.8,  329.2,  378,    397.2),
                 e1 = c(582.4,  580,    579,    579,    579),
                 e2 = c(214,    255.4,  281.8,  303.8,  353.8))

I took advantage of excel. It would be better to provide data this way

Not sure if I understood your question correctly. I guess you don't need a 3D plot. Using color as the third dimension might be good for your purpose. I assume you want to compare "speed" vs. "power" in different "cars".

I re-shape your data manually to create a new data frame, so that "speed" and "power" are in the same column. I also added a new column "Group" to indicate what type of "car" they are.

colnames(df) <- rep(c("V1", "V2"), 5)
df.new <- rbind(df[, c(1, 2)], 
                df[, c(3, 4)],
                df[, c(5, 6)],
                df[, c(7, 8)],
                df[, c(9, 10)])
df.new$Group <- factor(rep(c("a","b","c","d","e"), each = 5))
df.new$Class <- rep(c(1:5), 5) # make it factor if you want, then add as.numeric() for plotting

It might show like this (I hid some rows):

      V1    V2 Group Class
1  489.4 197.8     a     1
2  505.8 301.0     a
3  525.8 389.8     a
4  550.2 502.0     a
5  576.6 571.2     a
6  546.8 287.2     b
7  552.6 305.8     b
11 599.6 318.8     c
16 616.0 242.4     d
21 582.4 214.0     e
25 579.0 353.8     e

To use basic R plot

plot(V2 ~ V1, data = df.new, pch = as.numeric(Class),col = Group)
legend("topleft", legend = c("a","b","c","d","e"), pch = 1, col = 1:5)

To use ggplot

library(ggplot2)
ggplot(data = df.new, aes(x = V1, y = V2, color = Group)) +
    geom_point(aes(shape = as.factor(Class)))

You would be able to visualize the difference of these types of "cars", as well as different classes. Feel free to exchange the shape and the color.