我想通过使用网络摄像头将捕获图像添加到我的 PyQt gui 窗口，并且网络摄像头图像将出现在 gui 窗口中

Question

I wanted to add the webcam image to my main GUI window and that image will send to the email id. If this is not Possible, I also want to save that image and that saved image will send to my email id and On the countdown to 3,2,1, smile it will click the image by webcam. Here, is my code:

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtCore
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets, QtGui
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email import encoders
import cv2, time

DURATION_INT = 5


class MyMainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.time_left_int = DURATION_INT
        self.widget_counter_int = 0

        central_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(central_widget)
        vbox = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
        central_widget.setLayout(vbox)

        self.pages_qsw = QtWidgets.QStackedWidget()
        vbox.addWidget(self.pages_qsw)
        self.time_passed_qll = QtWidgets.QLabel()
        vbox.addWidget(self.time_passed_qll)
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton()
        self.pushButton.setText("Push to start")
        self.yesbutton = QtWidgets.QToolButton()
        self.yesbutton.setText("yes")
        self.Nobutton = QtWidgets.QToolButton()
        self.Nobutton.setText("No")

        self.imageframe = QtWidgets.QLabel()
        self.imageframe.setText("fghkfhh")

        vbox.addWidget(self.Nobutton)
        vbox.addWidget(self.yesbutton)
        vbox.addWidget(self.pushButton)
        vbox.addWidget(self.imageframe)


        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.timer_start)
        self.yesbutton.clicked.connect(self.capturing_image)
        self.update_gui()

    def gmail_alert(self):
        email_user = 'user email_id'
        email_send = 'receiver email_id'

        subject = 'Alert system'

        msg = MIMEMultipart()
        msg['From'] = email_user
        msg['To'] = email_send
        msg['Subject'] = subject
        msg.preamble = "test"

        body = 'Hi there, sending this email from Python!'
        msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain'))

        filename = 'alert.png'
        attachment = open(filename, 'rb')

        part = MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')
        part.set_payload((attachment).read())
        encoders.encode_base64(part)
        part.add_header('Content-Disposition', "attachment; 
                           filename= " + filename)

        msg.attach(part)
        text = msg.as_string()

        server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
        server.starttls()
        server.login(email_user, 'user email_id password')
        server.sendmail(email_user, email_send, text)
        server.quit()

    def timer_start(self):
        self.time_left_int = DURATION_INT
        self.my_qtimer = QtCore.QTimer(self)
        self.my_qtimer.timeout.connect(self.timer_timeout)
        self.my_qtimer.start(1000)
        self.update_gui()

    def timer_timeout(self):
        if self.time_left_int > 0:
            self.time_left_int -= 1
        else:
            self.gmail_alert()
        self.update_gui()



    def update_gui(self):
        self.time_passed_qll.setText((str(self.time_left_int) if self.time_left_int >=1 else "Smile..!"))

    def capturing_image(self):
        video =cv2.VideoCapture(0)
        check, frame = video.read()

        print(check)
        print(frame)

        cv2.imshow("capturing", frame)
        video.release()

app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
main_window = MyMainWindow()
main_window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_()

Answer 1

First of all you do not have to use cv2.imshow() inside PyQt since it blocks the python event loop, if you want to show the image of opencv in PyQt you have to convert it to QImage or QPixmap, the next class implements the data acquisition of opencv and it allows to obtain the QImage but it must be executed in a thread.

OpencvQt.py

import cv2
import numpy as np
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Capture(QtCore.QObject):
    started = QtCore.pyqtSignal()
    frameReady = QtCore.pyqtSignal(np.ndarray)

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(Capture, self).__init__(parent)
        self._frame = None
        self.m_timer = QtCore.QBasicTimer()
        self.m_videoCapture = cv2.VideoCapture()

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot()
    def start(self, cam=0):
        if self.m_videoCapture is not None:
            self.m_videoCapture.release()
            self.m_videoCapture = cv2.VideoCapture(cam)
        if self.m_videoCapture.isOpened():
            self.m_timer.start(0, self)
            self.started.emit()

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot()
    def stop(self):
        self.m_timer.stop()

    def __del__(self):
        self.m_videoCapture.release()

    def frame(self):
        return self.m_frame

    def timerEvent(self, event):
        if event.timerId() != self.m_timer.timerId():
            return

        ret, val = self.m_videoCapture.read()
        if not ret:
            self.m_timer.stop()
            return
        self.m_frame = val    
        self.frameReady.emit(self.m_frame)

    frame = QtCore.pyqtProperty(np.ndarray, fget=frame, notify=frameReady, user=True)

class Converter(QtCore.QObject):
    imageReady = QtCore.pyqtSignal(QtGui.QImage)

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(Converter, self).__init__(parent)
        self.m_frame = np.array([])
        self.m_timer = QtCore.QBasicTimer()
        self.m_processAll = True
        self.m_image = QtGui.QImage()

    def queue(self, frame):
        self.m_frame = frame
        if not self.m_timer.isActive():
            self.m_timer.start(0, self)

    def process(self, frame):
        w, h, _ = frame.shape
        rgbImage = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
        self.m_image = QtGui.QImage(rgbImage.data, h, w, QtGui.QImage.Format_RGB888)
        self.imageReady.emit(QtGui.QImage(self.m_image))

    def timerEvent(self, event):
        if event.timerId() != self.m_timer.timerId():
            return
        self.process(self.m_frame)
        self.m_timer.stop()

    def processAll(self):
        return self.m_processAll

    def setProcessAll(self, _all):
        self.m_processAll = _all

    def processFrame(self, frame):
        if self.m_processAll:
            self.process(frame)
        else:
            self.queue(frame)

    def image(self):
        return self.m_image

    image = QtCore.pyqtProperty(QtGui.QImage, fget=image, notify=imageReady, user=True)
    processAll = QtCore.pyqtProperty(bool, fget=processAll, fset=setProcessAll)

With the above we can show the camera in a QLabel, on the other hand we must convert the QImage to bytes for it we use QByteArray with QBuffer. Another problem that arises is that the sending of email takes a while so the GUI can be blocked so it must be executed in a thread. And finally I added a QDialog where you must enter the mail data.

main.py

import sys
import threading
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email import encoders

from OpencvQt import Capture, Converter


config = {
    "DURATION_INT": 5
}

def send_email(user, pwd, recipient, subject, body, image_payload):
    msg = MIMEMultipart()
    msg['From'] = user
    msg['To'] = recipient
    msg['Subject'] = subject
    msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain'))

    part = MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')

    part.set_payload(image_payload)
    encoders.encode_base64(part)
    filename = QtCore.QDateTime.currentDateTime().toString()+ '.png'
    part.add_header('Content-Disposition', "attachment; filename= " + filename)
    msg.attach(part)
    text = msg.as_string()

    server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
    server.starttls()
    server.login(user, pwd)
    server.sendmail(user, recipient, text)
    server.quit()

class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
        central_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(central_widget)

        lay = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(central_widget)
        self.view = QtWidgets.QLabel()
        self.btn_start = QtWidgets.QPushButton("Start")
        self.btn_stop = QtWidgets.QPushButton("Stop")
        self.btn_send = QtWidgets.QPushButton("Send Email")
        self.label_time = QtWidgets.QLabel()
        lay.addWidget(self.view, alignment=QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        lay.addWidget(self.btn_start)
        lay.addWidget(self.btn_stop)
        lay.addWidget(self.btn_send)
        lay.addWidget(self.label_time, alignment=QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.view.setFixedSize(640, 400)
        self.show()
        self.init_camera()
        self.init_email()

    def init_camera(self):
        self.capture = Capture()
        self.converter = Converter()
        captureThread = QtCore.QThread(self)
        converterThread = QtCore.QThread(self)
        self.converter.setProcessAll(False)
        captureThread.start()
        converterThread.start()
        self.capture.moveToThread(captureThread)
        self.converter.moveToThread(converterThread)
        self.capture.frameReady.connect(self.converter.processFrame)
        self.converter.imageReady.connect(self.setImage)
        self.capture.started.connect(lambda: print("started"))
        self.btn_start.clicked.connect(self.capture.start)
        self.btn_stop.clicked.connect(self.capture.stop)

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot(QtGui.QImage)
    def setImage(self, image):
        self.view.setPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap.fromImage(image))

    def init_email(self):
        timeline = QtCore.QTimeLine(config["DURATION_INT"]*1000, self)
        timeline.frameChanged.connect(self.onFrameChanged)
        timeline.setFrameRange(0, config["DURATION_INT"])
        timeline.setDirection(QtCore.QTimeLine.Backward)
        self.btn_send.clicked.connect(timeline.start)

        d = EmailDialog(self)
        if d.exec_() == EmailDialog.Accepted:
            self._info = d.get_data()

    def onFrameChanged(self, frame):
        if frame !=0:
            self.label_time.setNum(frame)
        else:
            self.label_time.setText("Smile...!")
            QtWidgets.QApplication.beep()
            image = QtGui.QImage(self.converter.image)
            ba = QtCore.QByteArray()
            buff = QtCore.QBuffer(ba)
            image.save(buff, "PNG")
            th = threading.Thread(target=send_email, args=(*self._info, ba))
            th.start()

    def closeEvent(self, event):
        self.capture.stop()
        super(MainWindow, self).closeEvent(event)


class EmailDialog(QtWidgets.QDialog):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(EmailDialog, self).__init__(parent)
        lay = QtWidgets.QFormLayout(self)
        self.from_le = QtWidgets.QLineEdit()
        self.pass_le = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(echoMode=QtWidgets.QLineEdit.Password)
        self.to_le = QtWidgets.QLineEdit()
        self.subject_le = QtWidgets.QLineEdit()
        self.body_te = QtWidgets.QTextEdit()

        self.buttonBox = QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox()
        self.buttonBox.setStandardButtons(QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.Cancel|QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.Ok)
        self.buttonBox.accepted.connect(self.accept)
        self.buttonBox.rejected.connect(self.reject)

        lay.addRow("From: ", self.from_le)
        lay.addRow("Password: ", self.pass_le)
        lay.addRow("To: ", self.to_le)
        lay.addRow("Subject: ", self.subject_le)
        lay.addRow("Body: ", self.body_te)
        lay.addRow(self.buttonBox)

        self.from_le.textChanged.connect(self.enable_button)
        self.pass_le.textChanged.connect(self.enable_button)
        self.to_le.textChanged.connect(self.enable_button)
        self.enable_button()

    def enable_button(self):
        disabled = self.from_le.text() == "" or self.pass_le.text() == "" or self.to_le.text() == ""
        self.buttonBox.setDisabled(disabled)

    def get_data(self):
        return self.from_le.text(), self.pass_le.text(), self.to_le.text(), self.subject_le.text(), self.body_te.toPlainText()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    w = MainWindow()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())