[英]Bubble sort logic, number of iterations
I have the following code: 我有以下代码:
// C program for implementation of Bubble sort
#include <stdio.h>
void swap(int *xp, int *yp)
{
int temp = *xp;
*xp = *yp;
*yp = temp;
}
// A function to implement bubble sort
void bubbleSort(int arr[], int n)
{
int i, j;
for (i = 0; i < n-1; i++)
// Last i elements are already in place
for (j = 0; j < n-i-1; j++)
if (arr[j] > arr[j+1])
swap(&arr[j], &arr[j+1]);
}
/* Function to print an array */
void printArray(int arr[], int size)
{
int i;
for (i=0; i < size; i++)
printf("%d ", arr[i]);
printf("n");
}
// Driver program to test above functions
int main()
{
int arr[] = {64, 34, 25, 12, 22, 11, 90};
int n = sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]);
bubbleSort(arr, n);
printf("Sorted array: \n");
printArray(arr, n);
return 0;
}
The only part that makes me confused is where i < n-1
in the first for loop and J< ni-1
in the inner for loop inside the BubbleSort function. 令我感到困惑的唯一部分是,BubbleSort函数内部的第一个for循环中的
i < n-1
和内部的for循环中的J< ni-1
。 Why arent they both set to i <= n-1
and J<=ni-1
? 为什么它们都设置为
i <= n-1
和J<=ni-1
? For instance, the first iteration would be a total of n= 7, therefore it means it should go through the loop for 6 times in the outer loop and 6 times in the inner for loop. 例如,第一次迭代的总数为n = 7,因此这意味着它应该在外循环中循环6次,在内循环中循环6次。 But, without the
<=
sign it would only be 5 iterations per loop. 但是,如果没有
<=
号,则每个循环仅进行5次迭代。 On the website, it has illustrated that both loops do go through 6 iterations however Im not sure how would that happen without the <=
in place. 在网站上,它已经说明了两个循环都经过了6次迭代,但是我不确定如果没有
<=
话该怎么办。
Source: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/bubble-sort/ 资料来源: https : //www.geeksforgeeks.org/bubble-sort/
Note the use of arr[j+1]
. 注意使用
arr[j+1]
。 Let's say your array has n = 7
. 假设您的数组有
n = 7
。 Then when i = 0
and j = n - i - 1 = 6
, you would be accessing arr[j+1] = arr[6 + 1] = arr[7]
. 然后,当
i = 0
且j = n - i - 1 = 6
,您将访问arr[j+1] = arr[6 + 1] = arr[7]
。 However, arr
only had 7 elements to begin with, so index 7
is out of bounds since the indices begin at 0
, with arr[6]
being the seventh element. 但是,
arr
只有7个元素开头,因此索引7
超出范围,因为索引从0
开始,而arr[6]
是第七个元素。
As for why it doesn't matter, the final element of the array is already swapped when comparing it to the next-to-last element. 至于为什么没关系,将数组的最后一个元素与倒数第二个元素进行比较时已经交换了。 Or if the array only had 1 element, it is already sorted.
或者,如果数组只有1个元素,则它已经排序。
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