如何停止控制台应用程序中的闪烁？

Question

I made a simple Ping pong game in c++ through visual studio community(in windows). I made it, but the final product keeps flickering and it does not look good.

I am new to c++. And this is one of the first big projects I tried making. Doing some research, I found out that I made a console app, and to stop the flicker, I will have to remake my app in Graphics, which I can't,so I am looking for a way to modify my console app to reduce flicker.

My draw function-:

 void Draw()
{
    system("cls");
    for (int i = 0; i < width + 2; i++)
        cout << "\xB2";
    cout << endl;

    for (int i = 0; i < height; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < width; j++)
        {
            int ballx = ball->getX();
            int bally = ball->getY();
            int player1x = player1->getX();
            int player2x = player2->getX();
            int player1y = player1->getY();
            int player2y = player2->getY();

            if (j == 0)
                cout << "\xB2";

            if (ballx == j && bally == i)
                cout << "O";//ball
            else if (player1x == j && player1y == i)
                cout << "\xDB";//player1_segment0
            else if (player2x == j && player2y == i)
                cout << "\xDB";//player2_segment0
            /*Prints different segments of player1 in y-dir*/
            else if (player1x == j && player1y + 1 == i)
                cout << "\xDB";//player1_segment1
            else if (player1x == j && player1y + 2 == i)
                cout << "\xDB";//player1_segment2
            else if (player1x == j && player1y + 3 == i)
                cout << "\xDB";//player1_segment3
            /*Prints different segments of player2 in y-dir*/
            else if (player2x == j && player2y + 1 == i)
                cout << "\xDB";//player2_segment1
            else if (player2x == j && player2y + 2 == i)
                cout << "\xDB";//player2_segment2
            else if (player2x == j && player2y + 3 == i)
                cout << "\xDB";//player2_segment3

            else
                cout << " ";

            if (j == width - 1)
                cout << "\xB2";
        }
        cout << endl;
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < width + 2; i++)
        cout << "\xB2";
    cout << endl;
    cout << "Score 1: " << score1 << endl;
    cout << "Score 2: " << score2 << endl;
}

Thanks.

This is what it looks like without flickers

Answer 1

Instead of 'system("cls");' implement code to "delete" the moving elements, then paint them in the new position.

Answer 2

Clearing the screen will make the entire screen go black before you start drawing, causing flicker.

I'd recommend looking into the Windows Console API (assuming you're happy for this to work only in windows). Set the cursor position and then draw everything.

COORD coord;
coord.X = 0;
coord.Y = 0;
SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), coord);

This is not code I've tested, and I don't know if it will work correctly with cout. You might want to replace look at other operations such as 'WriteConsole(...)'