在 QtCreator 中导入 OBJ 文件

Question

I'm new in using Qt Creator (version 4.10.0, based on Qt 5.13.1). I have taken the customitemgraph example and I would like to replace the existing .obj files with new ones. I have downloaded some free models from the web. Some of these work but others don't.

Here's two exemples.

An extract of the .obj file opened with notepad, which is working

...
vn 0.3531 -0.8627 -0.3620
vn 0.3815 -0.9243 -0.0148
usemtl Default_OBJ
s 1
f 1/1/1 2/2/2 3/3/3 4/4/4
f 2/2/2 5/5/5 6/6/6 3/3/3
f 4/4/4 3/3/3 7/7/7 8/8/8
...

a not working case:

...
vn -0.1013 -0.8959 -0.4325
vn -0.1003 -0.8978 -0.4287
usemtl Body
s 1
f 225536//133387 225537//133388 225544//133389 225543//133390
f 225537//133388 225538//133391 225545//133392 225544//133389
f 225538//133391 225539//133393 225546//133394 225545//133392
f 225539//133393 225540//133395 225547//133396 225546//133394
...

When it doesn't work the error message is:

tot 4ASSERT failure in QVector<T>::operator[]: "index out of range", file c:\Users\qt\work\install\include/QtCore/qvector.h, line 448

What I've tried

I have opened the .obj files with notepad and seen that in the working cases there is only one / character separating numbers, and in the not working cases there are // two slashes with no numbers in between. After substituting the double slashes with a single one nothing changes, the problem keeps showing.

I've tried some simple .obj files taken from here to diagnose the problem further but none of these examples works.

Am I missing something? Is there a way around this? Another way to use my .obj files inside this example? Thanks for the help.

Answer 1

I must admit, today is the first time I used QtCreator as well as QML.

In opposition to OP, I used an even simpler sample for my experiments:

the Qt 3D: Wireframe QML Example

After some fiddling, I came to the following receipt:

1. Open wireframe example in QtCreator.
   The sample uses a Wavefront OBJ file trefoil.obj .

2. Locate the trefoil.obj on disk.
   I found it under .../Qt/Examples/Qt-5.13.0/qt3d/exampleresources/assets/obj .

3. Store the sample files cube.obj and cubeN.obj from the other answer into this folder.
   The absence of the referenced material file master.mtl is in this example regardless. As far as I understood, the materials are defined in QML. – Any loaded material would be overridden in any case.

4. In the project treeview of QtCreator, add the sample files cube.obj and cubeN.obj to Resources / .../Qt/Examples/Qt-5.13.0/qt3d/exampleresources/obj.qrc / assets / obj .
   Opening .../Qt/Examples/Qt-5.13.0/qt3d/exampleresources/obj.qrc afterwards in a text editor, I found:

<RCC>
    <qresource prefix="/">
        <file>assets/obj/trefoil.obj</file>
        <file>assets/obj/toyplane.obj</file>
        <file>assets/obj/ball.obj</file>
        <file>assets/obj/plane-10x10.obj</file>
        <file>assets/obj/material-sphere.obj</file>
        <file>assets/obj/cube.obj</file>
        <file>assets/obj/cubeN.obj</file>
    </qresource>
</RCC>

5. I copied the file QML / TrefoilKnot.qml to QML / Cube.qml and QML / CubeN.qml and replaced the source entries respectively – Cube.qml :

import Qt3D.Core 2.0
import Qt3D.Render 2.0

Entity {
    id: root

    property real x: 0.0
    property real y: 0.0
    property real z: 0.0
    property real scale: 1.0
    property real theta: 0.0
    property real phi: 0.0
    property Material material

    components: [ transform, mesh, root.material ]

    Transform {
        id: transform
        translation: Qt.vector3d(root.x, root.y, root.z)
        rotation: fromEulerAngles(theta, phi, 0)
        scale: root.scale
    }

    Mesh {
        id: mesh
        source: "assets/obj/cube.obj"
    }
}

6. I added the files Cube.qml and CubeN.qml to Resources / wireframe.qrc .
7. I changed QML / main.qml to add the entities Cube and CubeN :

    TrefoilKnot {
        id: trefoilKnot
        material: wireframeMaterial
    }
    Cube {
        id: cube
        material: wireframeMaterial
    }
    /* Excluded:
    CubeN {
        id: cubeN
        material: wireframeMaterial
    }*/

After starting the application, I got the following result:

I tried the same for CubeN and the result looked similar:

I'm on Windows 10 (64 bit) and used Qt 5.13.0 with Qt Creator 4.9.1.

---

Concerning the objgeometryloader.cpp :

According to what I found in sources, the following OBJ commands are supported:

• v defines a vertex coordinate
• vn defines a vertex normal
• vt defines a vertex texture coordinate
• f defines a face (triangle or triangle fan)
• o defines an object with name.

Additionally, empty lines are skipped and comments if hashmark # appears at begin of line (with no indentation).

Other lines with eg

• mtllib reference to material file
• usemtl activating a certain material from material file
• g starting a group
• s activating a certain smoothing group

seem to be just ignored.

Considering that this plug-in is a geometry loader, this seems reasonable.

---

I also saw plug-ins for scene parsers on woboq:

qt5/qt3d/src/plugins/sceneparsers/
+ assimp/
+ gltf/
+ gltfexport/

I googled a bit but couldn't find anything what is directly related to my current Qt Version 5.13 except Open Asset Import Library, version 4.1.0 .

Answer 2

Concerning:

I've tried some simple.obj files taken from here to diagnose the problem further but none of these examples works.

I took the sample from here as well – cube.obj :

# This cube has a different material
# applied to each of its faces.
mtllib master.mtl
v 0.000000 2.000000 2.000000
v 0.000000 0.000000 2.000000
v 2.000000 0.000000 2.000000
v 2.000000 2.000000 2.000000
v 0.000000 2.000000 0.000000
v 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
v 2.000000 0.000000 0.000000
v 2.000000 2.000000 0.000000
# 8 vertices
g front
usemtl red
f 1 2 3 4
g back
usemtl blue
f 8 7 6 5
g right
usemtl green
f 4 3 7 8
g top
usemtl gold
f 5 1 4 8
g left
usemtl orange
f 5 6 2 1
g bottom
usemtl purple
f 2 6 7 3
# 6 elements

The sample refers to master.mtl which I couldn't find anywhere.

Hence, I wrote one from scratch – master.mtl :

# Create as many materials as desired
# Each is referenced by name before the faces it applies to in the obj file

newmtl red
Ka 1.000000 0.000000 0.000000
Kd 1.000000 0.000000 0.000000
Ks 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
Ns 0.000000

newmtl blue
Ka 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000
Kd 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000
Ks 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
Ns 0.000000

newmtl green
Ka 0.000000 1.000000 0.000000
Kd 0.000000 1.000000 0.000000
Ks 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
Ns 0.000000

newmtl gold
Ka 1.000000 1.000000 0.000000
Kd 1.000000 1.000000 0.000000
Ks 1.000000 1.000000 0.000000
Ns 0.000000

newmtl orange
Ka 1.000000 0.500000 0.000000
Kd 1.000000 0.500000 0.000000
Ks 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
Ns 0.000000

newmtl purple
Ka 1.000000 0.000000 1.000000
Kd 1.000000 0.000000 1.000000
Ks 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
Ns 0.000000

Then, I tried it with our loader and got this:

Then, I modified cube.obj to add normals.

This is a sample where the double slashes ( // ) occur in face indices (due to missing texture coordinates).

The file with normals – cubeN.obj :

# This cube has a different material
# applied to each of its faces.
mtllib master.mtl
v 0.000000 2.000000 2.000000
v 0.000000 0.000000 2.000000
v 2.000000 0.000000 2.000000
v 2.000000 2.000000 2.000000
v 0.000000 2.000000 0.000000
v 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
v 2.000000 0.000000 0.000000
v 2.000000 2.000000 0.000000
vn 0 0 1
vn 0 0 -1
vn 1 0 0
vn 0 1 0
vn -1 0 0
vn 0 -1 0
# 8 vertices
g front
usemtl red
f 1//1 2//1 3//1 4//1
g back
usemtl blue
f 8//2 7//2 6//2 5//2
g right
usemtl green
f 4//3 3//3 7//3 8//3
g top
usemtl gold
f 5//4 1//4 4//4 8//4
g left
usemtl orange
f 5//5 6//5 2//5 1//5
g bottom
usemtl purple
f 2//6 6//6 7//6 3//6
# 6 elements

Not sure whether this does prove anything except that the samples aren't completely broken (in our loader).

Answer 3

I would suggest you to use QMesh from the Qt 3D module to render complex 3D files. Here you can find an example on how to use this class with .stl files but, if you dig through the documentation, you can find the parts where it uses .obj files.