如何在python中批量重命名具有相同名称和不同扩展名的多个文件

Question

I have a folder with a thousands of image files and JSON files, how can I bulk rename identical image files and JSON ?

For example

image.jpg -> 1.jpg
image.json -> 1.json

Here is what I tried which works fine for incremental label, how can I change it to also label files with same names alike ?

def renamed_files(path, label):

    i=0

    for filename in os.listdir(path):
        try:
            f, extension = os.path.splitext(path+filename)
            src=path+filename
            dst=path+str(i)+extension
            os.rename(src,dst)
            i+=1

        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            i+=1

path="C://Users//other_images//"


renamed_files(path)

Answer 1

You can use two sets to store jpg filenames and json filesname. Then, take intersection of both sets to take files that have the same name and rename them. The code for the approach is given below.

How can you change your code to do this?

First, create the two described sets. Now iterate through filenames. If file has extension=='jpg' then check if the filename exists in json_files set. If yes, rename both files, json and jpg. Similarly for file with extension=='json'.

import os
jpg_files = set()
json_files = set()
base_path = './'
for x in os.listdir(base_path):
    name, ext = x.split('.')
    if ext == 'jpg':
        jpg_files.add(name)
    elif ext == 'json':
        json_files.add(name)
counter = 1
for filename in jpg_files.intersection(json_files): # For files that are common (same names)
    os.rename(os.path.join(base_path,filename+'.jpg'),os.path.join(base_path,str(counter)+'.jpg')) # Rename jpg file
    os.rename(os.path.join(base_path,filename+'.json'),os.path.join(base_path,str(counter)+'.json')) # Rename json file
    counter += 1 # Increment counter

Answer 2

You could first store identical names with same extensions inside a collections.defaultdict , then rename the groups with more than one extension with os.rename() .

As an example, if we had files image.jpg , image.json , image2.jpg , image2.json in a directory, we want to rename these files to 1.jpg , 1.json , 2.jpg , 2.json .

Demo:

from os import rename
from os import listdir

from os.path import splitext
from os.path import join

from collections import defaultdict

def rename_same_name_files(path):
    filenames = defaultdict(list)

    # Group each name with extensions
    for file in listdir(path):
        name, ext = splitext(file)
        filenames[join(path, name)].append(ext)

    # Enumerate starting from 1 over each name : [extensions] grouping
    for idx, (name, extensions) in enumerate(filenames.items(), start=1):

        # Only rename files with more than one extension found
        if len(extensions) > 1:

            # Go through each extension
            for ext in extensions:

                # Get new path
                new_path = join(path, "%d%s" % (idx, ext))

                # Rename files
                rename(name + ext, new_path)

rename_same_name_files("PATH\TO\FILES")

Answer 3

Try os.scandir(directory) with string splitting and list popping, kind of like

import os

def getFilename(file_with_extension):
    return file_with_extension.split('.')[:len(file_with_extension.split('.')-1]

def getExtension(file_with_extension):
    return '.'+file_with_extension.split('.')[len(file_with_extension.split('.')-1]

path = '/~'

files = os.scandir(path)    

n=0
old_name_without_extension=""
#Make sure it's sorted alphabetically so all similar files will be next to each other
files.sort()
while files:
   file = files.pop()
   name_without_extension = getFilename(file)
   extension = getExtension(file)
   if not old_name_without_extension == name_without_extension:
        n+=1
   old_name_without_extension = name_without_extension
   #Here copy your file with new filename using path, extension and desired naming scheme