我如何使用 Google Apps 脚本解析 XML 并遍历所有元素

Question

This is my first time working with XML and I am not that techy but trying to get to understand programming to make my work easier. I am using Google App script and finding it a challenge in passing XML data that I get via API.

I need to get this data so that I can set the specific values to Google sheets using google app script.

I am not sure how to iterate/loop through elements to get everyone's data and then set it to google sheet.

And here is the code I have worked on so far. When I log to say the first name, I only get one name instead of about 50 names in the system. Any help here will highly be appreciated.

ak ='key'
start = '2019-01-01'
end = '2019-12-31'

function getData() { 

 var options = {
    method: 'get',
    headers: {
        Authorization: 'Bearer ' + ak
    }
};  
var url = 'https://data.purelyhr.com/daily?ak='+ ak + '&sDate=' + start + '&eDate=' + end + '&TimeOffTypeName';
var response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(url).getContentText();
var document = XmlService.parse(response);
var root = document.getRootElement();


//set variables to data from PurelyHR

var TimeOffDate = root.getChild('Request').getChild('TimeOffDate').getText();
var TimeOffDayOfWeek = root.getChild('Request').getChild('TimeOffDayOfWeek').getText();
var TimeStart = root.getChild('Request').getChild('TimeStart').getText();
var TimeEnd = root.getChild('Request').getChild('TimeEnd').getText();
var TimeOffHours = root.getChild('Request').getChild('TimeOffHours').getText();
var TimeOffTypeName = root.getChild('Request').getChild('TimeOffTypeName').getText();
var LoginID= root.getChild('Request').getChild('LoginID').getText();
var Firstname = root.getChild('Request').getChild('Firstname').getText();
var Lastname = root.getChild('Request').getChild('Lastname').getText();
var UserCategory = root.getChild('Request').getChild('UserCategory').getText();
var SubmittedDate = root.getChild('Request').getChild('SubmittedDate').getText();
var Deducted = root.getChild('Request').getChild('Deducted').getText();
var Comment = root.getChild('Request').getChild('Comment').getText();


//populate the sheet with variable data


Logger.log(response)
}

Sample response

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ISO-8859-1'?>
<DataService>
    <Request ID="1253" Status="Approved">
        <TimeOffDate>2020-02-07</TimeOffDate>
        <TimeOffDayOfWeek>Friday</TimeOffDayOfWeek>
        <TimeStart></TimeStart>
        <TimeEnd></TimeEnd>
        <TimeOffHours>8.000</TimeOffHours>
        <TimeOffTypeName>Annual Vacation</TimeOffTypeName>
        <LoginID>testuser</LoginID>
        <Firstname>test</Firstname>
        <Lastname>user</Lastname>
        <UserCategory></UserCategory>
        <SubmittedDate>2019-10-03</SubmittedDate>
        <Deducted>Yes</Deducted>
        <Comment>
            <![CDATA[* time-off request created by administrator]]>
        </Comment>
    </Request>
    <Request ID="126292" Status="Approved">
        <TimeOffDate>2020-02-07</TimeOffDate>
        <TimeOffDayOfWeek>Friday</TimeOffDayOfWeek>
        <TimeStart></TimeStart>
        <TimeEnd></TimeEnd>
        <TimeOffHours>8.000</TimeOffHours>
        <TimeOffTypeName>Annual Vacation</TimeOffTypeName>
        <LoginID>usertwo</LoginID>
        <Firstname>user</Firstname>
        <Lastname>two</Lastname>
        <UserCategory></UserCategory>
        <SubmittedDate>2019-10-15</SubmittedDate>
        <Deducted>Yes</Deducted>
        <Comment>
            <![CDATA[Neil (as my mentor)]]>
        </Comment>
    </Request>

Answer 1

If I understand correctly, the problem is that you have multiple <Request> elements, but your code is only looking at one of them. This is because you're using getChild() , which will only provide the first element with the given name.

I can't fully test that this works because you haven't provided the XML text, but you should instead use the getChildren() method to get all of the Request elements. Then you can loop through that.

function getData() {
  var options = {
    method: 'get',
    headers: {
      Authorization: 'Bearer ' + ak
    }
  };
  var url = 'https://data.purelyhr.com/daily?ak=' + ak + '&sDate=' + start + '&eDate=' + end + '&TimeOffTypeName';
  var response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(url).getContentText();
  var document = XmlService.parse(response);
  var root = document.getRootElement();

  //set variables to data from PurelyHR
  var requestElements = root.getChildren('Request'); // Get all <Request> elements
  var requestObjects = []; // Request objects for logging / eventual printing
  for (var i = 0; i < requestElements.length; i++) {
    var request = requestElements[i]; // A single <Request> element

    // Add to requestObjects array
    requestObjects.push({
      TimeOffDate: request.getChild('TimeOffDate').getText(),
      TimeOffDayOfWeek: request.getChild('TimeOffDayOfWeek').getText(),
      TimeStart: request.getChild('TimeStart').getText(),
      TimeEnd: request.getChild('TimeEnd').getText(),
      TimeOffHours: request.getChild('TimeOffHours').getText(),
      TimeOffTypeName: request.getChild('TimeOffTypeName').getText(),
      LoginID: request.getChild('LoginID').getText(),
      Firstname: request.getChild('Firstname').getText(),
      Lastname: request.getChild('Lastname').getText(),
      UserCategory: request.getChild('UserCategory').getText(),
      SubmittedDate: request.getChild('SubmittedDate').getText(),
      Deducted: request.getChild('Deducted').getText(),
      Comment: request.getChild('Comment').getText()
    });
  }

  Logger.log(JSON.stringify(requestObjects));
}

Since I don't know how you're printing, I created an array of request objects and logged that in the sample above. I hope this made sense, but please let me know if you have any questions or if I'm completely off with my response.