lxml 如何定位和检索多个元素值？
[英]lxml How Can I Target And Retrieve Multiple Element Values?
问题描述
please consider the following HTML:
请考虑以下 HTML：
<html>
<body>
<ul>
<li><h5>Title 1</h5><div><span>Apples</span></li>
<li><h5>Title 2</h5><div><span>Bananas</span></li>
<li><h5>Title 3</h5><div><span>Grapes</span></li>
<li><h5>Title 4</h5><div><span>Pears</span></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
Using lxml, I can easily retrieve the h5's:使用 lxml，我可以轻松检索 h5：
from lxml import html
example_html = '''<html>
<body>
<ul>
<li><h5>Title 1</h5><div><span>Apples</span></li>
<li><h5>Title 2</h5><div><span>Bananas</span></li>
<li><h5>Title 3</h5><div><span>Grapes</span></li>
<li><h5>Title 4</h5><div><span>Pears</span></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>'''
tree = html.fromstring(example_html)
element_list = tree.xpath('//h5')
# List comprehension to get text
result = [i.text for i in element_list]
print(result)
From that code, of course the result will be:从该代码，当然结果将是：
['Title 1', 'Title 2', 'Title 3', 'Title 4']
But I need to know how to produce a result like this:但我需要知道如何产生这样的结果：
['Title 1', 'Apples', 'Title 2', 'Bananas', 'Title 3', 'Grapes', 'Title 4', 'Pears']
I tried modifying the code like this:我尝试像这样修改代码：
collector = []
for i in element_list:
h5 = i.xpath('//h5')
collector.append(h5[0].text)
span = i.xpath('//span')
collector.append(span[0].text)
print(collector)
But got this result (close but not quite):但得到了这个结果（接近但不完全）：
['Title 1', 'Apples', 'Title 1', 'Apples', 'Title 1', 'Apples', 'Title 1', 'Apples']
Is this possible somehow?这有可能吗？ I got as far as the above code and any help would be highly appreciated.我得到了上面的代码，任何帮助将不胜感激。 Thank you kindly.非常感谢你。
3 个解决方案
解决方案1
1 已采纳 2020-03-03 02:40:52
您可以使用联合，它按文档顺序返回结果。
e=tree.xpath("//li/h5|//li/div/span")
解决方案2
0 2020-03-03 02:41:08
I'm not very familiar with lxml, but I have worked with beautiful soup.我对 lxml 不是很熟悉，但我用过漂亮的汤。 In case you are okay with switching try the following code:如果您可以切换，请尝试以下代码：
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
example_html = '''<html>
<body>
<ul>
<li><h5>Title 1</h5><div><span>Apples</span></li>
<li><h5>Title 2</h5><div><span>Bananas</span></li>
<li><h5>Title 3</h5><div><span>Grapes</span></li>
<li><h5>Title 4</h5><div><span>Pears</span></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>'''
soup = BeautifulSoup(example_html, 'html.parser')
list = []
for elem in soup.findAll('li'):
list.append(elem.find('h5').text)
list.append(elem.find('span').text)
print(list)
Hope this helps!希望这可以帮助！
解决方案3
0 2020-03-03 23:38:57
Another solution, maybe you'll like it.另一种解决方案，也许你会喜欢它。
from simplified_scrapy import SimplifiedDoc
html = '''<html>
<body>
<ul>
<li><h5>Title 1</h5><div><span>Apples</span></li>
<li><h5>Title 2</h5><div><span>Bananas</span></li>
<li><h5>Title 3</h5><div><span>Grapes</span></li>
<li><h5>Title 4</h5><div><span>Pears</span></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>'''
doc = SimplifiedDoc(html)
lis = doc.selects('li>(h5,span)')
print (lis)
Result:结果：
[['Title 1', 'Apples'], ['Title 2', 'Bananas'], ['Title 3', 'Grapes'], ['Title 4', 'Pears']]
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