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从字符串中解析 XML 报告“垃圾”在我的文件中，我不知道如何找到它

[英]Parsing XML from string reports “junk” in my file, I don't know how to locate it

 原文  2020-04-23 16:29:12  4   1    python/ xml/ elementtree

问题描述

I'm trying to parse an XML string with Element Tree.我正在尝试使用元素树解析 XML 字符串。 This string comes from many dict values joined together.该字符串来自许多连接在一起的 dict 值。 There is no root node, but it worked fine the first time.没有根节点，但第一次运行良好。

The first time I did it and it worked:我第一次这样做并且成功了：

   for value in data.values():
        myxml = ' '.join(value)
        tree = ET.fromstring(myxml)

But with the same case, just another dictionary, it doesn't work.但是对于同样的情况，只是另一本字典，它不起作用。 My code to do that is simply:我的代码很简单：

values = [x for x in dict_fasi.values()]
    myxml_fasi = ' '.join(values)
tree2 = ET.fromstring(myxml_fasi)

I also tried with the loop as before and it didn't work.我也像以前一样尝试了循环，但它没有用。 The error says: xml.etree.ElementTree.ParseError: junk after document element: line 8, column 20 .错误说： xml.etree.ElementTree.ParseError: junk after document element: line 8, column 20 。

Line 8 should be:第 8 行应该是：

</new_line> <new_line>

And the XML string is: XML 字符串是：

<new_line>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="297.284,540.828,300.188,553.310" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.482">della quale non conosce che una parte;] </text>
          <text font="PYNIYO+ImprintMTnum-Italic" bbox="322.455,540.839,328.251,553.566" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.727">prima</text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="331.206,545.345,334.683,552.834" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="7.489">1</text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="177.602,528.028,180.850,540.510" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.482">che nonconosce ancora appieno;</text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="189.430,532.545,192.908,540.034" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="7.489">2</text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="203.879,528.028,208.975,540.510" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.482">che</text>
        </new_line> <new_line>
          <text font="QKWQNQ+ImprintMTnum-Bold" bbox="315.109,462.272,319.863,472.957" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="10.685">5</text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="368.916,461.828,372.743,474.310" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.482">avederci]</text>
          <text font="PYNIYO+ImprintMTnum-Italic" bbox="86.577,449.039,92.373,461.766" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.727">sps.a</text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="167.611,449.028,172.707,461.510" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.482">dove io andava a</text>
          <text font="QKWQNQ+ImprintMTnum-Bold" bbox="68.031,421.672,72.786,432.357" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="10.685">5</text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="137.296,421.228,140.200,433.710" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.482">tante libertà] </text>
          <text font="PYNIYO+ImprintMTnum-Italic" bbox="161.868,421.239,167.664,433.966" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.727">prima</text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="170.784,425.745,174.262,433.234" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="7.489">1</text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="174.297,421.228,183.920,433.710" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.482">m</text>
          <text font="MUVAOR+Symbol" bbox="194.367,421.612,199.376,431.672" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="10.060">&lt;&gt;</text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="208.349,425.745,211.827,433.234" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="7.489">2</text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="244.601,421.228,250.976,433.710" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.482">certe lib</text>
          <text font="MUVAOR+Symbol" bbox="250.901,421.612,255.910,431.672" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="10.060">&lt;</text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="269.331,421.228,274.426,433.710" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.482">ertà</text>
          <text font="MUVAOR+Symbol" bbox="274.363,421.612,279.373,431.672" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="10.060">&gt;</text>
        </new_line> <new_line>

The first XML string the works, instead, is like this:第一个 XML 字符串是这样的：

<new_line>
          <text font="QKWQNQ+ImprintMTnum-Bold" bbox="234.782,118.872,239.536,129.558" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="10.685">80</text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="360.280,118.428,363.184,130.911" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.482">pazienza, e la prudenza.] </text>
          <text font="PYNIYO+ImprintMTnum-Italic" bbox="369.339,118.440,375.135,131.167" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.727">da</text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="113.588,105.629,118.684,118.111" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.482">pa-zienza</text>
          <text font="MUVAOR+Symbol" bbox="120.415,105.707,124.422,117.543" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="11.835">=</text>
        </new_line>
<new_line>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="194.095,105.629,196.999,118.111" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.482">Cristoforo] </text>
          <text font="PYNIYO+ImprintMTnum-Italic" bbox="214.031,105.640,219.827,118.367" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.727">sts.a</text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="241.600,81.508,247.396,93.991" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.482">Galdino 72</text>
          <text font="SZWUPJ+ImprintExpertMT" bbox="272.785,614.422,276.490,625.380" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="10.958">  </text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="53.923,592.408,58.102,602.646" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="10.238">34c</text>
          <text font="QKWQNQ+ImprintMTnum-Bold" bbox="72.640,592.472,77.394,603.157" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="10.685">80</text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="187.701,592.028,190.605,604.510" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.482">troverà … immaginare] </text>
          <text font="PYNIYO+ImprintMTnum-Italic" bbox="201.265,592.039,204.169,604.766" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.727">da </text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="305.701,592.028,310.796,604.510" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.482">qualche rimedio inaspe</text>
          <text font="MUVAOR+Symbol" bbox="310.691,592.412,315.701,602.472" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="10.060">&lt;</text>
          <text font="NUMPTY+ImprintMTnum" bbox="331.518,592.028,337.314,604.510" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="12.482">ttato</text>
          <text font="MUVAOR+Symbol" bbox="337.154,592.412,342.163,602.472" colourspace="DeviceGray" ncolour="0" size="10.060">&gt;</text>
        </new_line>

Maybe it's a problem of the opening and closing of the new_line tag, but I don't know how to solve it.可能是new_line标签的开闭问题，但是不知道怎么解决。

1 个解决方案

解决方案1
 1  2020-04-23 17:10:01

The term "junk" in the error message seems like a rather unfair value judgement;错误消息中的“垃圾”一词似乎是一种相当不公平的价值判断； but what it means is that the parser expects to see a single top-level element, and when it gets to the end of that element (and any trailing comments or PIs) it expects to see the end of file.但这意味着解析器希望看到单个顶级元素，并且当它到达该元素的末尾（以及任何尾随注释或 PI）时，它希望看到文件的结尾。 If there's another element start tag, then it's not a well-formed XML document.如果有另一个元素开始标记，则它不是格式良好的 XML 文档。

You say you are aware there is no root node, but you seem to be unaware that this makes the document ill-formed.您说您知道没有根节点，但您似乎没有意识到这会使文档格式错误。 You say it worked the first time: well, it shouldn't have worked.你说它第一次起作用：嗯，它不应该起作用。

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