为什么我不能在 Anaconda 之外导入 Python 模块？

Question

First, I've looked through other people's questions that sound similar and haven't found a situation like mine. If you know of another post that solves my problem, I'm all ears (eyes, whatever).

I have been using Spyder through Anaconda for most of my Python work up to now, but I don't really like it that much. So, I'm trying to explore other IDEs, currently Atom. I have set up Atom and cmd.exe to run Python from the Anaconda install by adding the.\Anaconda3 folder to my path. I have also added the. \Anaconda3\Lib\site-packages and everywhere else I have found that anaconda has stored its modules (within the base environment).

Python runs fine in the Command Prompt and in Atom (using "script" package), but for some reason I cannot import any modules except sys and os unless I use either the Anaconda terminal or one of its included IDEs. I can't even import numpy , though I can navigate to the site-packages folder in File Explorer and see it in there. Below is a screen shot showing side-by-side the Anaconda Prompt and Command Prompt. You can see that my path variable and executable are the same in both, but conda imports numpy just fine while cmd cannot. I would like to know why and how to fix it. All of the other questions I saw of this issue (StackOverflow and elsewhere) said to add the file path to the module to my PATH variable (which I have done) or run the program using the Anaconda executable (which I am doing).

Command Prompt vs Anaconda Prompt exectuable, path variable and importing numpy

Also, I searched for the ImportError (shown in the picture) on the internet and found a link to the Anaconda documentation saying to check the System32 folder for mkl related dll's but there weren't any in mine. Then I looked through the _distributor_init.py file in the numpy folder to figure out where it was trying to pull the _mklinit function from and see if maybe it was looking somewhere different from Anaconda. But if I understand correctly the "from. import" means that it's looking in the same numpy directory for that function and there is a file in there called _mklinit.cp37-win_amd64.pyd (which I can't look at the contents of, but it seems like a good candidate to me). In any case, it seems like it looks in the same location for both Command Prompt and Anaconda Prompt, so that didn't help either.

I was going to install Python separately from Anaconda, but I've heard that I can cause problems for myself unless I know what I'm doing (which I don't). So, I would like to do this by just accessing the packages that Anaconda has, which everyone keeps saying I can do but it isn't working for me so far.

It's possible I'm dumb, but I don't get it. Any help would be appreciated.

Running:

Windows 10

Python 3.7.4

Anaconda 4.8.3

Answer 1

I've been trying to work this out for sometime. My Anaconda Python is 3.8. Before installing Anaconda I had Python 3.9 installed. I sometimes wanted to use my 3.9 Idle but pip always put added packages into Anaconda. The Python Documents tell you how. file:///Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/Resources/English.lproj/Documentation/installing/index.html.

In my MacBook Pro Terminal I entered (as an example). It worked.

python3.9 -m pip install torchvision