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Android 为不同的屏幕尺寸调整所有元素的大小

[英]Android Resize all elements for different screen sizes

 原文  2020-05-24 01:13:07  5   1    android/ android-layout/ resize/ scale/ android-constraintlayout

问题描述

I am trying to design my app so it should look the same on all devices big or small, is this possible.我正在尝试设计我的应用程序，使其在所有大小设备上看起来都一样，这可能吗？

This is a sample I am playing with to attempt it:这是我正在尝试尝试的示例：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Button1"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/textView3"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/right_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/textView3"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/textView3"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.517" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Group1"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/bottom_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/top_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.03" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Button1"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/textView3"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/textView3"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="1.0"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/left_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/textView3"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.517" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView3"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Group1"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/bottom_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView2"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.034" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView4"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Group2"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/bottom_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/right_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/left_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.292" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Button2"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/textView5"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/textView5"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="1.0"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/left_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/textView5"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.551" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView5"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Group2"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/bottom_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/right_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/left_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView4"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.051" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button4"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Button2"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/textView5"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/right_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/textView5"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/textView5"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.551" />

    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.Guideline
        android:id="@+id/top_guideline"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="0.0" />

    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.Guideline
        android:id="@+id/bottom_guideline"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="1.0" />

    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.Guideline
        android:id="@+id/left_guideline"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="0.0" />

    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.Guideline
        android:id="@+id/right_guideline"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="1.0" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView6"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="group3"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/bottom_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/right_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.507"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/left_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.538" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView7"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="group3"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/bottom_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/right_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.507"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/left_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView6"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.074" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button5"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Button3"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/textView7"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/textView7"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="1.0"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/left_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/textView7"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.482" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button6"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Button3"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/textView7"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/right_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/textView7"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/textView7"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.482" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button7"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Button4"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/bottom_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/right_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/left_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.954" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView8"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Group4"
        android:textSize="36sp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/bottom_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/right_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/left_guideline"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.849" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

I am getting close I think however I would like the textview's text and buttons to get larger with larger screens and smaller with smaller screens but cannot figure it out.我想我已经接近了，但是我希望 textview 的文本和按钮在更大的屏幕上变得更大，在更小的屏幕上变得更小，但无法弄清楚。

Basically I would like the app to scale to look the same on any device(like it was an image and I just changed the scale), is this possible?基本上我希望应用程序可以缩放以在任何设备上看起来都一样（就像它是一个图像，我只是改变了比例），这可能吗？

Thanks谢谢

1 个解决方案

解决方案1
 0  2020-05-24 05:35:27

You can use those attributes:您可以使用这些属性：

app:layout_constraintHeight_percent="0.x"
app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.y"

To make your layout scale according to the screen size (I used a project with the support library for this but it will work on android as well):根据屏幕尺寸调整布局（我使用了一个带有支持库的项目，但它也适用于 android）：

<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout 
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
  xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
  android:orientation="vertical"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent"
  tools:context=".MainActivity">


<Button
    android:id="@+id/button2"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    app:layout_constraintHeight_percent="0.05"
    app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.2"
    android:text="Button1"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/textView3"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/right_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/textView3"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/textView3"
    app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.517" />

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/textView2"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    app:layout_constraintHeight_percent="0.05"
    app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.15"
    android:text="Group1"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/bottom_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/top_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.03" />

<Button
    android:id="@+id/button"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    app:layout_constraintHeight_percent="0.05"
    app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.2"
    android:text="Button1"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/textView3"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/textView3"
    app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="1.0"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/left_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/textView3"
    app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.517" />

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/textView3"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    app:layout_constraintHeight_percent="0.05"
    app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.15"
    android:text="Group1"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/bottom_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView2"
    app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.034" />

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/textView4"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    app:layout_constraintHeight_percent="0.05"
    app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.15"
    android:text="Group2"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/bottom_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/right_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/left_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.292" />

<Button
    android:id="@+id/button3"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    app:layout_constraintHeight_percent="0.05"
    app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.2"
    android:text="Button2"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/textView5"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/textView5"
    app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="1.0"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/left_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/textView5"
    app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.551" />

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/textView5"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    app:layout_constraintHeight_percent="0.05"
    app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.15"
    android:text="Group2"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/bottom_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/right_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/left_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView4"
    app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.051" />

<Button
    android:id="@+id/button4"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    app:layout_constraintHeight_percent="0.05"
    app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.2"
    android:text="Button2"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/textView5"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/right_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/textView5"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/textView5"
    app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.551" />

<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.Guideline
    android:id="@+id/top_guideline"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="0.0" />

<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.Guideline
    android:id="@+id/bottom_guideline"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="1.0" />

<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.Guideline
    android:id="@+id/left_guideline"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    app:layout_constraintGuide_begin="0dp" />

<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.Guideline
    android:id="@+id/right_guideline"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="1.0" />

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/textView6"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    app:layout_constraintHeight_percent="0.05"
    app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.15"
    android:text="group3"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/bottom_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/right_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.507"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/left_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.538" />

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/textView7"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    app:layout_constraintHeight_percent="0.05"
    app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.15"
    android:text="group3"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/bottom_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/right_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.507"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/left_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView6"
    app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.074" />

<Button
    android:id="@+id/button5"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    app:layout_constraintHeight_percent="0.05"
    app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.2"
    android:text="Button3"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/textView7"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/textView7"
    app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="1.0"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/left_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/textView7"
    app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.482" />

<Button
    android:id="@+id/button6"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    app:layout_constraintHeight_percent="0.05"
    app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.2"
    android:text="Button3"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/textView7"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/right_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/textView7"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/textView7"
    app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.482" />

<Button
    android:id="@+id/button7"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    app:layout_constraintHeight_percent="0.05"
    app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.2"
    android:text="Button4"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/bottom_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/right_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/left_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.954" />

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/textView8"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    app:layout_constraintHeight_percent="0.1"
    app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.4"
    android:text="Group4"
    android:textSize="36sp"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/bottom_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/right_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/left_guideline"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.849" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

And it will look like this on all your screen sizes:它在你所有的屏幕尺寸上都是这样的：

在此处输入图像描述

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