如何在 venv 中运行 Python 脚本？

Question

Im trying to start telegram bot in Linux using venv. But bot starts only if venv activated manualy.

Python code:

#!env/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import config
import telebot

bot = telebot.TeleBot(config.token)

@bot.message_handler(content_types=["text"])
def repeat_all_messages(message): 
    bot.send_message(message.chat.id, message.text)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    bot.infinity_polling()

Bot starts with comands:

root@ubuntu-s-1vcpu-1gb-ams3-01:~/jira_bot# source env/bin/activate
(env) root@ubuntu-s-1vcpu-1gb-ams3-01:~/jira_bot# python3 sreda_bot.py

But if i try to start it without activating venv:

root@ubuntu-s-1vcpu-1gb-ams3-01:~/jira_bot# python3 sreda_bot.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "sreda_bot.py", line 4, in <module>
    import telebot
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'telebot'

Answer 1

Finally I inserted full path to the interpreter in the venv in shebang line:

#!/root/jira_bot/env/bin/python3

Used ./sreda_bot.py instead of python3 sreda_bot.py . And it works fine.

Answer 2

Considering Python Shebang Syntax is like the following

#!interpreter [optional-arg]

You just need to locate your Virtual ENV 's interpreter location.

#!<venv path>/bin/python[3.x]

Thus assuming your Virtual ENV is located at ~/jira_bot base from the following.

root@ubuntu-s-1vcpu-1gb-ams3-01:~/jira_bot# source env/bin/activate
(env) root@ubuntu-s-1vcpu-1gb-ams3-01:~/jira_bot# python3 sreda_bot.py

So your shebang should be #!/root/jira_bot/bin/python3

Answer 3

The purpose of virtual environments in Python is to create a physical separation between projects and their modules. In this case, the telebot module that you installed in the virtual environment, isn't in scope (available for use) outside of the virtual environment.