如何在 c 的一行中打印不同的 arrays？

Question

I wanted to print all my array[i] in a single line in a new function, but everything gone misaligned in the table of my output.
I can't find where the problem is:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void userInput();
void formOutput(int, char (*)[50], char (*)[10], int *);

void main()
{
   userInput();
}

void userInput()
{   int totalSubj;

    printf("\nHow many subject to be registered: ");
    scanf("%d",&totalSubj);

    char subjCode[totalSubj][10], subjName[totalSubj][50];
    int subjCred[totalSubj];

    for(int i=0;i<totalSubj;i++)
    {
        printf("\nSUBJECT CODE %d.: ",i+1);
        scanf("%s",&subjCode[i]);

        printf("SUBJECT NAME: ");
        fgets(subjName[i],50,stdin);

        printf("SUBJECT CREDIT: ");
        scanf("%d",&subjCred[i]);
    }

    formOutput(totalSubj, subjName, subjCode, subjCred);
}

void formOutput(int subjTotal, char nameSub[][50], char codeSub[][10], int credSub[])
{
    printf("Subject Name                  Subject Code          Credit\n");
    printf("------------------------------------------------------------------");

    for(int i=0;i<subjTotal;i++)
    {
        printf("\n%s  ",nameSub[i]);
        printf("%s\t\t",codeSub[i]);
        printf("%d",credSub[i]);
    }
}

Here is the output.
The values in the table are all messed up, some are also duplicated which is not what I wanted it to be:

How many subject to be registered: 3

SUBJECT CODE 1.: DCS1053
SUBJECT NAME: Programming Technique
SUBJECT CREDIT: 3

SUBJECT CODE 2.: DCS1062
SUBJECT NAME: Current Issues in ICT
SUBJECT CREDIT: 3

SUBJECT CODE 3.: DCS1083
SUBJECT NAME: Object Oriented Programming
SUBJECT CREDIT: 3
Subject Name                  Subject Code          Credit
------------------------------------------------------------------
Programming Technique
  DCS1053               3
Current Issues in ICT
  DCS1062               3
Object Oriented Programming
  DCS1083               3
Process returned 3 (0x3)   execution time : 53.708 s
Press any key to continue.

I would like my output to look like this:

Subject Name                Subject Code           Credit    
---------------------------------------------------------------  
Programming Technique       DCS1053                   3  
Current Issues in ICT       DCS1062                   3
Object Oriented Programming DCS1083                   3

Answer 1

you read the subject name using fgets so that one contains the newline and you print it => the subject is alone on its line, then on the next line you have the code and the credit

to read a string containing spaces except newline you can use scanf :

scanf(" %49[^\n]", &subjName[i]);

the space at beginning of the format allows to remove spaces/newline/.. before the first non space character, that allows to bypass the newline enter after the code

to have your output as you expect you cannot write a fixed amount of space/tab, use the capacities of printf to write on a given width

also it is not consistent to have a width to print smaller than the size of the fields you can read

Answer 2

The function fgets() takes the newline as an input and it inserts the newline char into the variable and you get disastrous output.

This code may help you to solve your problem (handy explains are added in comments):

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

// defining macros the maximum lengths of array as a constant    
#define SUB_NAME_MAX 50
#define SUB_CODE_MAX 10

// function signature
void formed_output(int, char [][SUB_NAME_MAX], char [][SUB_CODE_MAX], int[]);

int main(void) {
    int total;

    printf("How many subjects to be registered? ");
    scanf("%d", &total);

    char sub_code[total][SUB_CODE_MAX], sub_name[total][SUB_NAME_MAX];
    int sub_credit[total];

    for (int i = 0; i < total; i++) {
        printf("\nSUBJECT CODE %d.: ",i+1);
        scanf("%s", &sub_code[i]);

        printf("SUBJECT NAME: ");
        fseek(stdin, 0, SEEK_END); // to avoid skipping user input
        fgets(sub_name[i], SUB_NAME_MAX, stdin);

        char *pos;
        if ((pos=strchr(sub_name[i], '\n')) != NULL)
            *pos = '\0'; // this one is the trick which will help to
                         // remove newline of each 'sub_name' array

        printf("SUBJECT CREDIT: ");
        scanf("%d", &sub_credit[i]);
    }

    printf("\n"); // for good-looking purpose

    formed_output(total, sub_name, sub_code, sub_credit);

    return 0;
}

void formed_output(int total, char name[][SUB_NAME_MAX], char code[][SUB_CODE_MAX], int cred[]) {
    printf("Subject Name                       Subject Code          Credit\n");
    printf("---------------------------------------------------------------\n");

    for(int i = 0; i < total; i++) {
        printf("%-35s", name[i]); // left-justified for next 35 places
        printf("%-22s", code[i]); // left-justified for next 22 places
        printf("%d \n", cred[i]);
    }
}

Sample Output:

How many subjects to be registered? 3 

SUBJECT CODE 1.: DCS1053
SUBJECT NAME: Programming Technique    
SUBJECT CREDIT: 3

SUBJECT CODE 2.: DCS1062
SUBJECT NAME: Current Issues in ICT
SUBJECT CREDIT: 3

SUBJECT CODE 3.: DCS1083
SUBJECT NAME: Object Oriented Programming
SUBJECT CREDIT: 3
Subject Name                       Subject Code          Credit
---------------------------------------------------------------
Programming Technique              DCS1053               3
Current Issues in ICT              DCS1062               3
Object Oriented Programming        DCS1083               3

Answer 3

Try this code in formOutput()

 printf("Subject Name \t\t\tSubject Code\t\tCredit\n");
printf("-------------\t\t\t------------\t\t------\n");
int i=0;
for( i=0;i<subjTotal;i++)
{
    printf("\n%s\t\t\t",nameSub[i]);
    printf("%s\t\t",codeSub[i]);
    printf("%d\n",credSub[i]);
}

Answer 4

everything gone misaligned in the table of my output.

fgets() retains a '\n' it may have read.
fgets() and scanf() do not play well together.

---

Avoid using both fgets() with scanf() . The first reads a line , the 2nd does not.

With line inputs, use fgets() . Use width limitations when filling a character array.

Using fgets() with sscanf() is OK.

void userInput() {
  char buf[100];
  int totalSubj;

  printf("\nHow many subject to be registered: ");
  fgets(buf, sizeof buf, stdin); 
  sscanf(buf, "%d", &total);

  char subjCode[totalSubj][10], subjName[totalSubj][50];
  int subjCred[totalSubj];

  for (int i=0; i<totalSubj; i++) {
    printf("\nSUBJECT CODE %d.: ",i+1);
    fgets(buf, sizeof buf, stdin); 
    sscanf(buf, "%9s", subjCode[i]);  // & not used when calling with an array

    printf("SUBJECT NAME: ");
    fgets(buf, sizeof buf, stdin); 
    sscanf(buf, "%49s", subjName[i]);

    printf("SUBJECT CREDIT: ");
    fgets(buf, sizeof buf, stdin); 
    sscanf(buf, "%d",&subjCred[i]);
  }

  formOutput(totalSubj, subjName, subjCode, subjCred);
}

Better code would also test the return values of fgets() and sscanf() to look for errors.