[英]How do I add a second axis to a matplotlib/seaborn bar chart and have the secondary points align with the correct bars?
I wrote a (newbie) python function (below) to draw a bar chart broken out by a primary and possibly a secondary dimension.我编写了一个(新手)python 函数(如下)来绘制由主要维度和可能是次要维度划分的条形图。 For example, the image below charts the percentage of people in each gender who have attained a specific level of education.
例如,下图显示了每个性别获得特定教育水平的人数百分比。
Question: how do I overlay on each bar the median household size for that subgroup eg place a point signifying the value '3' on the College/Female bar.问题:我如何在每个条形上叠加该子组的家庭人数中位数,例如在大学/女性条形上放置一个表示值“3”的点。 None of the examples I have seen accurately overlay the point on the correct bar.
我见过的例子中没有一个能准确地覆盖正确条上的点。
I'm extremely new to this, so thank you very much for your help!我对此非常陌生,因此非常感谢您的帮助!
df = pd.DataFrame({'Student' : ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Chris', 'Dave', 'Edna', 'Frank'],
'Education' : ['HS', 'HS', 'HS', 'College', 'College', 'HS' ],
'Household Size': [4, 4, 3, 3, 3, 6 ],
'Gender' : ['F', 'M', 'M', 'M', 'F', 'M' ]});
def MakePercentageFrequencyTable(dataFrame, primaryDimension, secondaryDimension=None, extraAggregatedField=None):
lod = dataFrame.groupby([secondaryDimension]) if secondaryDimension is not None else dataFrame
primaryDimensionPercent = lod[primaryDimension].value_counts(normalize=True) \
.rename('percentage') \
.mul(100) \
.reset_index(drop=False);
if secondaryDimension is not None:
primaryDimensionPercent = primaryDimensionPercent.sort_values(secondaryDimension)
g = sns.catplot(x="percentage", y=secondaryDimension, hue=primaryDimension, kind='bar', data=primaryDimensionPercent)
else:
sns.catplot(x="percentage", y='index', kind='bar', data=primaryDimensionPercent)
MakePercentageFrequencyTable(dataFrame=df,primaryDimension='Education', secondaryDimension='Gender')
# Question: I want to send in extraAggregatedField='Household Size' when I call the function such that
# it creates a secondary 'Household Size' axis at the top of the figure
# and aggregates/integrates the 'Household Size' column such that the following points are plotted
# against the secondary axis and positioned over the given bars:
#
# Female/College => 3
# Female/High School => 4
# Male/College => 3
# Male/High School => 4
Picture of what I have been able to achieve so far到目前为止我已经能够实现的目标的图片
You will have to use the axes-level functions sns.barplot()
and sns.stripplot()
rather than catplot()
, which creates a new figure and a FacetGrid
.您将不得不使用轴级函数
sns.barplot()
和sns.stripplot()
而不是catplot()
,后者创建一个新图形和FacetGrid
。
Something like this:像这样的东西:
df = pd.DataFrame({'Student' : ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Chris', 'Dave', 'Edna', 'Frank'],
'Education' : ['HS', 'HS', 'HS', 'College', 'College', 'HS' ],
'Household Size': [4, 4, 3, 3, 3, 6 ],
'Gender' : ['F', 'M', 'M', 'M', 'F', 'M' ]});
def MakePercentageFrequencyTable(dataFrame, primaryDimension, secondaryDimension=None, extraAggregatedField=None, ax=None):
ax = plt.gca() if ax is None else ax
lod = dataFrame.groupby([secondaryDimension]) if secondaryDimension is not None else dataFrame
primaryDimensionPercent = lod[primaryDimension].value_counts(normalize=True) \
.rename('percentage') \
.mul(100) \
.reset_index(drop=False);
if secondaryDimension is not None:
primaryDimensionPercent = primaryDimensionPercent.sort_values(secondaryDimension)
ax = sns.barplot(x="percentage", y=secondaryDimension, hue=primaryDimension, data=primaryDimensionPercent, ax=ax)
else:
ax = sns.barplot(x="percentage", y='index', data=primaryDimensionPercent, ax=ax)
if extraAggregatedField is not None:
ax2 = ax.twiny()
extraDimension = dataFrame.groupby([primaryDimension, secondaryDimension]).mean().reset_index(drop=False)
ax2 = sns.stripplot(data=extraDimension, x=extraAggregatedField, y=secondaryDimension, hue=primaryDimension,
ax=ax2,dodge=True, edgecolors='k', linewidth=1, size=10)
plt.figure()
MakePercentageFrequencyTable(dataFrame=df,primaryDimension='Education', secondaryDimension='Gender', extraAggregatedField='Household Size')
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