如何使用反射通过接口创建实例？

Question

I'm trying coding Spring's DI , just a simple example. There is a controller, and this @AutoWired is a Empty Annotation defined by me.

public class UserController {
    @AutoWired
    private UserServise userServise;// a empty interface
}

This is the code that implement Annotation injection:

UserController userController = new UserController();
Class<? extends UserController> clazz = userController.getClass();

Stream.of(clazz.getDeclaredFields()).forEach(field -> {
    AutoWired annotation = field.getAnnotation(AutoWired.class);
    if (annotation != null) {
        field.setAccessible(true);
        Class<?> type = field.getType();
        try {
            Object o = type.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
            field.set(userController, o);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
});

When the program runs into

Object o = type.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();

throws

java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: com.learning.servise.UserServise.<init>()

I guess program cannot find a constructor for a interface, So how can I create this instance for the injection?

Answer 1

I am not completely sure what you are trying to achieve. I'm assuming that UserService is an interface? If so it cannot be instantiated. You must either a class which implements the interface. So either write a class (can also be anonymous or lambda) or use a proxy:

Object instance = Proxy.newProxyInstance(type.getClassLoader(),
     new Class<?>[]{type}, new InvocationHandler() {

    @Override
    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
        //implement your methods here
        //determine which method you're in by checking the method arg
    }
});

Don't know if this is what you're after, but it is my best guess.

But maybe you're going at this wrong. When you're trying to replicate Spring, it is important that you have a component or bean you can autowire. So you should probably focus on your @Bean annotation (or similar) first. You'd want some sort of registry which picks up annotated beans and then injects them into your Autowired fields. It seems you have this back-to-front. You should first focus on registering beans to your framework and only when you have achieved that you should try to inject them.