Linux中当前目录下所有子目录添加后缀

Question

In current directory: folders: 001, 002, 003, 004......etc. I want to add the suffix '_ses-1' to all folders and it makes for example 001_ses-1

Tried

for d in *; do mv "$d" "${d}_ses-1"; done


find ./ -type d -exec bash -c mv "$folder" "${folder}_ses-1"

All failed and would like some help to figure this out.

Answer 1

The first command ( for ) won't match only directories.

The second ( find ) is problematic if you have nested directories.

If you don't have nested folders, you can use:

find . -maxdepth 1 -type d -exec mv {} {}_ext \;

Answer 2

Assuming this is a one-off task, and it doesn't need to recurse, one trick is to pipe the output of ls into a text file, run a macro (eg in vim) to transform them to be the correct mv command, then run the whole thing as a script.

Another option is to use bash to generate each command (similar to what you have already tried) as a separate mv command and pipe into a file which you then run as a script.

Answer 3

I like the find./ approach, but it likely finds . and .. then fails on moving them.

find./ -type d. -name. . -name .. -exec bash -c mv "$folder" "${folder}_ses-1"

For the for d in *; method, you'd want to do this to iterate over the list:

for d in `ls -1`; do mv "$d" "${d}_ses-1"; done

Answer 4

Use rename command, which can be used like so: find... | xargs rename... find... | xargs rename... . The rename command has several implementations, and is very powerful. It can be used for much more complex operations than a simple mv .

Example:

# Create a tiny test with 4 input directories:

$ mkdir 001 002 003 004

$ ls -d 00[1-4]*
001  002  003  004

# Do a dry run first using -n option:

$ find . -type d -name '00[1-4]' | xargs rename -n 's/$/_ses-1/'
'./001' would be renamed to './001_ses-1'
'./003' would be renamed to './003_ses-1'
'./004' would be renamed to './004_ses-1'
'./002' would be renamed to './002_ses-1'

# Actually rename for real:

$ find . -type d -name '00[1-4]' | xargs rename 's/$/_ses-1/'

# Confirm the results:

$ ls -d 00[1-4]*
001_ses-1  002_ses-1  003_ses-1  004_ses-1

Note that rename can be installed easily, for example with conda :

conda install rename

SEE ALSO:

rename manual (very helpful):

rename --man

For example:

-n, --dry-run, --just-print
    Show how the files would be renamed, but don't actually do anything.