php 正则表达式匹配一个词，但不匹配这些其他的

Question

I'm trying to sort though a list of pipe fittings using PHP with regex, I know how to match more then one word but I can't figure out how to not match words. I need it to not match "bolts" and "nuts"(with or without the s).

Sort list simple

0 - 2"x6" black nipple

0 - 1/2x4 black nipple

20 - 3/4" x 3/8" black bushing.

10 - 3/4" black plugs thread

0 - 7/8 x 3 3/4 black bolts

0 -7/8 black nuts

if(preg_match('/black|union/', $_POST["fitting_name$x"])){  
echo "show results";
}

Seems like I need to be looking at negative lookahead I tried .(?!bolts) also without the dot but didn't work for me. I tried a few other things but got to a point where I was just throwing things at it hoping for something to stick.

I'm really bad at regex so I may have seen the right way to do it but couldn't figure out how to make it work. Also thanks for any help you can give.

Answer 1

You can use negative lookaheads:

/^(?!.*\b(bolt|nut)s?\b).*(black|union)/
/                                         : Starting delimiter
 ^                                        : Matches the start of the string
  (?!                                     : Start of negative lookahead
     .*                                   : Matches any character 0 or more times
       \b                                 : Matches a word boundary before the target word
         (bolt|nut)                       : Literal match "bolt" OR "nut"
                   s?                     : Matches an optional "s"
                     \b                   : Matches a word boundary after the target word
                       )                  : End of negative lookahead
                        .*                : Match any charachter 0 or more times
                          (black|union)   : Literal match "black" OR "union"
                                       /  : Ending delimiter

Using the \b either side of the word means that you don't accidentally filter out words which contain the word bolt|nut for example: bolted flange .

$stringList = [
    '0 - 2"x6" black nipple',
    '0 - 1/2x4 black nipple',
    '20 - 3/4" x 3/8" black bushing.',
    '10 - 3/4" black plugs thread',
    '0 - 7/8 x 3 3/4 black bolts',
    '0 -7/8 black nuts'
];

foreach($stringList as $string){
    var_dump(
        preg_match('/^(?!.*\b(bolt|nut)s?\b).*(black|union)/', $string)
    );
}

/* Output...

int(1)
int(1)
int(1)
int(1)
int(0)
int(0)

i.e. matches for all but the last 2!
*/

Answer 2

You can consider using a pattern like

/\b(?:black|unions?)\b(?!.*\b(?:bolt|nut)s?\b)/

Add i after last / to make it case insensitive if needed. See the regex demo .

Details :

• \b - a word boundary
• (?:black|unions?) - black , union or unions
• \b - a word boundary
• (?.?*\b(:?bolt|nut)s?\b) - a negative lookahead that fails the match if, immediately to the right of the current location, there is
  • .* - any zero or more chars other than line break chars as many as possible
  • \b(?:bolt|nut)s?\b - bolt / bolts , nut / nuts as whole words.

Answer 3

Such pattern should work: ^(?.?*bolts.\b|?*nuts.\b).*$ (I replaced blot with bolt !) It actually uses negative lookahead but takes into account that there could be more letters .* before the word bolt or nut , s? to take into account plural form that is used 0 or 1 times, \b to match end of the word, so that word nutss would still match.