如何让 email.utils.make_msgid 从地址域而不是 Python 中的本地主机名中选择

Question

I am trying to get the message-id to pick the domain portion of the from address and not sure how to do it. I can hardcode it but I would like it pick up whatever the domain portion of the from address

message = MIMEMultipart("alternative")
message['From'] = email.utils.formataddr(('User1', 'aniga@domain.com')) # header address
message['Date'] = email.utils.formatdate(timeval=None, localtime=False, usegmt=False)
message['Message-ID'] = email.utils.make_msgid("".join(random.choice("0123456789ABCDEF") for i in range(16)), domain=pickfrom from address domain
message['Subject'] = 'Testing from Python'
message['To'] = email.utils.formataddr((recpient, recpient@example.com))

Answer 1

There is no built-in support for doing that; if you want to extract the domain part from the From: address, you have to do that separately.

There should be no need for you to pick the idstring yourself, by the way; let Python take care of that.

You'll probably also want to upgrade to use the Python 3.6+ updated EmailMessage API for new code.

from email.message import EmailMessage
import email.utils

message = EmailMessage()
message['From'] = email.utils.formataddr(('User1', 'aniga@domain.com'))
message['Date'] = email.utils.formatdate(timeval=None, localtime=False, usegmt=False)
# Notice change here
message['Message-ID'] = email.utils.make_msgid(domain=message['From'].groups[0].addresses[0].domain)
message['Subject'] = 'Testing from Python'
# Trivial typo + syntax edit here
message['To'] = email.utils.formataddr(('recipient', 'recipient@example.com'))

If what you have isn't a formataddr it won't have a groups attribute; if you simply have a str containing the sender's address, a quick and dirty heuristic is to simply split on @ and take everything up through the first > or whitespace character as probably the domain name. But this has a number of pesky corner cases you really want to avoid - it's better to parse the From: header (again, if necessary) and be reasonably sure that you really get it properly parsed.